Sand-fixing technology system of synergetic weaving sand barrier and artificial biocrusts： Shapotou Model 2.0

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00025

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 21-30.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00025

Sand-fixing technology system of synergetic weaving sand barrier and artificial biocrusts： Shapotou Model 2.0

Zhishan Zhang^1a^,^1d(), Yang Zhao^1a^,^1d, Qinghe Niu^1b^,^1d, Yanxia Pan^1a^,^1d, Mingzhu He^1a^,^1d, Rong Yang^1c^,^1d, Qun Guo², Jianjun Qu^1b^,^1d, Yongzhong Su^1c^,^1d, Zhibin He^1c^,^1d, Wenzhi Zhao^1c^,^1d, Xinrong Li^1a^,^1d, Yongjian Ding^1e

^1a.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station /, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^1b.Dunhuang Gobi Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station /, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^1c.Linze Inland River Basin Research Station /, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^1d.Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands /, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^1e.Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.Institute of Geography，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100101，China

Received:2025-01-21 Revised:2025-03-10 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-30

Abstract

Abstract:

China faces severe desertification challenges， which significantly threaten ecological security and socio-economic sustainability. In response to the issues of the sand-fixing protection system formed along the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway in the 1950s （Shapotou Model 1.0）， including the high cost and low efficiency of manual mechanical sand barriers， the slow growth and instability of sand-fixing plants， excessive water consumption in early stages， and the slow formation of biocrusts， our team developed the sand-fixing technology system of synergetic weaving sand barrier and artificial biocrusts （Shapotou Model 2.0） through long-term research and demonstration. The scientific connotation of this model is “Weaving sand barriers， Water-based replanting， Synergetic effects" which includes four core technologies： windbreak fences and large-grid high-standing sand barriers， mechanized weaving technology of grass grid sand barriers， sand-fixing plant planting technology in arid sand areas， and rapid propagation and sand-fixing technology of artificial biocrusts. This model has been applied and demonstrated in areas such as the eastern edge of the Kumtag Desert， the edge of the Badain Jaran Desert， and the interior of the Tengger Desert along transportation lines， have shown promising results. The model is applicable to northern China's sandy areas and the Three-North Shelterbelt Program's key regions， offering potential for ecosystem restoration in desertified areas.

Key words: sand control and desertification prevention, technology system, typical cases, promotion potential

CLC Number:

Zhishan Zhang, Yang Zhao, Qinghe Niu, Yanxia Pan, Mingzhu He, Rong Yang, Qun Guo, Jianjun Qu, Yongzhong Su, Zhibin He, Wenzhi Zhao, Xinrong Li, Yongjian Ding. Sand-fixing technology system of synergetic weaving sand barrier and artificial biocrusts： Shapotou Model 2.0[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(3): 21-30.

Figures/Tables 5

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物种	初始密度/（株/100m²）	存活率/%	地径/cm	株高/cm	盖度/%	土壤含水量/%
沙木蓼	20	100.0	1.52	105	25.9	2.29
	35	100.0	2.09	129	41.8	2.17
	50	84.0	0.79	77.3	20.3	0.88
籽蒿	40	92.5	1.10	46.7	12.3	2.87
	70	85.7	0.91	43.0	51.2	2.32
	100	56.0	1.00	47.0	21.7	1.47

物种	初始密度/（株/100m²）	存活率/%	地径/cm	株高/cm	盖度/%	土壤含水量/%
沙木蓼	20	100.0	1.52	105	25.9	2.29
	35	100.0	2.09	129	41.8	2.17
	50	84.0	0.79	77.3	20.3	0.88
籽蒿	40	92.5	1.10	46.7	12.3	2.87
	70	85.7	0.91	43.0	51.2	2.32
	100	56.0	1.00	47.0	21.7	1.47

配置	存活率/%			地径/cm		株高/cm		盖度/%
配置	柠条	油蒿	平均	柠条	油蒿	柠条	油蒿	柠条	油蒿	总盖度
点状柠条	77.1	—	77.1	0.95	—	74.8	—	8.9	—	8.9
点状油蒿	—	83.6	83.6	—	0.84	—	52.5	—	31.9	31.9
带状柠条	81.4	—	81.4	1.22	—	84.5	—	12.4	—	12.4
带状油蒿	—	74.3	74.3	—	1.10	—	55.3	—	30.5	30.5
点状混林	88.6	88.6	88.6	0.92	1.11	68.7	57.3	1.6	19.3	20.9
带状混林	82.9	91.4	87.1	0.89	0.78	72.2	54.2	1.7	13.4	15.1

配置	存活率/%			地径/cm		株高/cm		盖度/%
配置	柠条	油蒿	平均	柠条	油蒿	柠条	油蒿	柠条	油蒿	总盖度
点状柠条	77.1	—	77.1	0.95	—	74.8	—	8.9	—	8.9
点状油蒿	—	83.6	83.6	—	0.84	—	52.5	—	31.9	31.9
带状柠条	81.4	—	81.4	1.22	—	84.5	—	12.4	—	12.4
带状油蒿	—	74.3	74.3	—	1.10	—	55.3	—	30.5	30.5
点状混林	88.6	88.6	88.6	0.92	1.11	68.7	57.3	1.6	19.3	20.9
带状混林	82.9	91.4	87.1	0.89	0.78	72.2	54.2	1.7	13.4	15.1

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Sand-fixing technology system of synergetic weaving sand barrier and artificial biocrusts： Shapotou Model 2.0

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