Long-term effects of the introduction of Haloxylon ammodendron on desert soil characteristics

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00009

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 68-77.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00009

Long-term effects of the introduction of Haloxylon ammodendron on desert soil characteristics

Xiaogan Zhou¹(), Yongzhong Luo¹(), Quanlin Ma¹^,², Jiliang Liu³, Jialong Ren⁴, Ziting Wang¹^,², Qihan Yan⁴, Chang Qin⁴, Jiaqi Zhai¹

^1.College of Forestry，Gansu Agricultural University，Lanzhou 730070，China
^2.Gansu Academy of Forestry Sciences，Lanzhou 730020，China
^3.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^4.Shanxi Normal University，Taiyuan 030031，China

Received:2024-10-17 Revised:2024-12-28 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-27
Contact: Yongzhong Luo

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the impact of artificial sand-fixing vegetation restoration on soil characteristics in arid desert regions， this study was conducted in the Zhangye Oasis of the middle reaches of the Heihe River. The research focused on mobile sandy dunes， fixed sandy dunes， and Haloxylon ammodendron plantations of different ages， analyzing changes in soil physicochemical properties， vegetation factors， and their interrelationships. The results revealed that：（1） The transformation of mobile and fixed sandy dunes into artificial H. ammodendron plantations reduced soil bulk density and fine sand content， increased coarse sand content， and significantly enhanced clay and silt content in 30-year-old plantations. （2） The conversion of mobile and fixed sandy dunes into H. ammodendron plantations decreased soil pH， increased soil electrical conductivity， and further elevated conductivity with the age of the plantations. （3） The conversion of mobile sandy dunes and fixed sandy dunes into H. ammodendron plantations significantly increased soil organic carbon （SOC）， total nitrogen （TN）， and total phosphorus （TP） contents， as well as soil electrical conductivity， with these increments generally correlating with the extension of H. ammodendron plantations age. （4） Shrub density， shrub cover， and herbaceous species richness were the main factors driving soil environmental changes during the restoration process of H. ammodendron plantations， accounting for 40.1% of the variation in soil conditions. In conclusion， the increase in shrub cover and density resulting from artificial H. ammodendron plantation establishment improves soil environment over time. However， it also leads to elevated soil electrical conductivity and reduced total nitrogen content， posing potential threats to soil stability and health in H. ammodendron plantations.

Key words: the middle reaches of the Heihe River, Haloxylon ammodendron plantations, mobile sandy dune, fixed sandy dune, soil physical and chemical properties

CLC Number:

S728.4

Xiaogan Zhou, Yongzhong Luo, Quanlin Ma, Jiliang Liu, Jialong Ren, Ziting Wang, Qihan Yan, Chang Qin, Jiaqi Zhai. Long-term effects of the introduction of Haloxylon ammodendron on desert soil characteristics[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(5): 68-77.

Figures/Tables 9

References 45

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指标	FSD	MSD	HA5	HA10	HA20	HA30
梭梭幼苗密度/(株/100 m²)	0.00±0.00^b	0.00±0.00^b	0.00±0.00^b	0.00±0.00^b	0.83±0.72^b	3.08±3.94^a
灌木密度/(株/100 m²)	0.00±0.00^f	4.67±1.44^e	32.92±1.88^a	21.58±1.00^b	10.92±1.83^c	6.50±2.97^d
灌木物种丰富度	0.00±0.00^d	1.92±0.51^ab	1.75±0.75^b	2.33±0.65^a	1.83±0.72^b	1.00±0.00^c
灌木盖度/%	0.00±0.00^f	18.42±7.76^e	50.00±5.22^c	56.25±7.42^b	65.00±9.53^a	38.33±7.18^d
草本盖度/%	2.00±0.00^bc	4.33±1.30^a	2.67±1.07^b	1.42±0.51^c	2.50±1.07^bc	4.25±2.80^a
草本物种丰富度	1.00±0.00^d	1.67±0.65^b	1.25±0.45^cd	1.00±0.00^d	1.50±0.67^bc	2.42±0.51^a

指标	FSD	MSD	HA5	HA10	HA20	HA30
梭梭幼苗密度/(株/100 m²)	0.00±0.00^b	0.00±0.00^b	0.00±0.00^b	0.00±0.00^b	0.83±0.72^b	3.08±3.94^a
灌木密度/(株/100 m²)	0.00±0.00^f	4.67±1.44^e	32.92±1.88^a	21.58±1.00^b	10.92±1.83^c	6.50±2.97^d
灌木物种丰富度	0.00±0.00^d	1.92±0.51^ab	1.75±0.75^b	2.33±0.65^a	1.83±0.72^b	1.00±0.00^c
灌木盖度/%	0.00±0.00^f	18.42±7.76^e	50.00±5.22^c	56.25±7.42^b	65.00±9.53^a	38.33±7.18^d
草本盖度/%	2.00±0.00^bc	4.33±1.30^a	2.67±1.07^b	1.42±0.51^c	2.50±1.07^bc	4.25±2.80^a
草本物种丰富度	1.00±0.00^d	1.67±0.65^b	1.25±0.45^cd	1.00±0.00^d	1.50±0.67^bc	2.42±0.51^a

指标	MSD	FSD	HA5	HA10	HA20	HA30	F_5,72
pH	8.78±0.03^c	9.19±0.14^ab	9.34±0.12^a	9.08±0.12^b	9.09±0.09^b	8.82±0.11^c	34.59^***
EC	0.049±0.005^c	0.109±0.019^c	0.101±0.02^c	0.101±0.015^c	0.267±0.045^b	0.392±0.233^a	30.16^***
SOC	0.13±0.02^cd	0.15±0.02^b	0.13±0.01^bc	0.11±0.01^d	0.15±0.01^b	0.22±0.03^a	49.44^***
TN	0.006±0.001^c	0.009±0.001^c	0.013±0.001^a	0.012±0.001^b	0.022±0.001^a	0.018±0.002^a	48.96^***
TP	0.022±0.001^d	0.024±0.001^c	0.025±0.001^c	0.025±0.001^c	0.027±0.001^b	0.030±0.002^a	70.08^***

指标	MSD	FSD	HA5	HA10	HA20	HA30	F_5,72
pH	8.78±0.03^c	9.19±0.14^ab	9.34±0.12^a	9.08±0.12^b	9.09±0.09^b	8.82±0.11^c	34.59^***
EC	0.049±0.005^c	0.109±0.019^c	0.101±0.02^c	0.101±0.015^c	0.267±0.045^b	0.392±0.233^a	30.16^***
SOC	0.13±0.02^cd	0.15±0.02^b	0.13±0.01^bc	0.11±0.01^d	0.15±0.01^b	0.22±0.03^a	49.44^***
TN	0.006±0.001^c	0.009±0.001^c	0.013±0.001^a	0.012±0.001^b	0.022±0.001^a	0.018±0.002^a	48.96^***
TP	0.022±0.001^d	0.024±0.001^c	0.025±0.001^c	0.025±0.001^c	0.027±0.001^b	0.030±0.002^a	70.08^***

指标	流动和固定沙丘				人工梭梭林				流动和固定沙丘与人工梭梭林
	0~20 cm		20~100 cm		0~20 cm		20~100 cm		0~20 cm		20~100 cm
	r	P	r	P	r	P	r	P	r	P	r	P
灌木密度/(株/100 m²)	-0.47	0.237	0.65	0.080	-0.35	0.189	-0.38	0.150	-0.62	<0.002	0.02	0.924
灌木盖度/%	-0.05	0.905	0.79	0.021	-0.16	0.566	-0.3	0.257	-0.49	0.014	0.09	0.688
灌木物种丰富度	-0.27	0.521	0.42	0.298	-0.42	0.102	-0.38	0.146	-0.46	0.024	0.09	0.689
草本盖度/%	-0.25	0.544	0.74	0.038	0.31	0.246	0.53	0.035	0.22	0.294	0.58	0.003
草本物种丰富度	-0.57	0.138	0.46	0.247	0.37	0.157	0.39	0.141	0.07	0.734	0.48	0.017

Long-term effects of the introduction of Haloxylon ammodendron on desert soil characteristics

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变量	惯量	解释率/%	贡献率/%	F	P
SC	0.225	22.5	53.8	23	<0.001
SD	0.035	3.5	8.3	4.6	<0.012
SSR	0.016	1.6	3.8	2.1	<0.112
HC	0.001	0.1	0.3	0.2	<0.894
HSR	0.141	14.1	33.9	18	<0.001
总计	0.418	41.8	100
残差	0.582

指标	灌木盖度/%		灌木密度/（株/100m²）		草本物种丰富度
指标	r	P	r	P	r	P
土壤容重/(g·cm^-3)	-0.07	0.538	-0.27	0.020	-0.18	0.142
粗砂/%	0.51	<0.001	0.32	0.006	0.14	0.247
细砂/%	-0.50	<0.001	-0.31	0.008	-0.18	0.132
黏粉粒/%	0.29	0.015	0.09	0.458	0.51	<0.001
土壤pH	0.40	<0.001	0.61	<0.001	-0.12	0.308
土壤电导率/(μS·cm^-1)	0.49	<0.001	0.18	0.131	0.57	<0.001
土壤有机碳/%	-0.06	0.623	-0.20	0.089	0.65	<0.001
土壤全氮/%	0.65	<0.001	0.04	0.766	0.25	0.033
土壤全磷/%	0.53	<0.001	0.26	0.027	0.52	<0.001

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