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中国沙漠 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 1124-1130.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00159

• 天气与气候 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海省降尘量时空分布及其影响因素分析

高贵生, 宋理明, 马宗泰   

  1. 青海省海北牧业气象试验站, 青海 海晏 810200
  • 收稿日期:2012-05-03 修回日期:2012-08-10 出版日期:2013-07-20 发布日期:2012-08-10

Temporal-spatial Distribution and Impact Factors of Dustfall in Qinghai Province of China

GAO Gui-sheng, SONG Li-ming, MA Zong-tai   

  1. Haibei Animal Husbandry Meteorological Experiment Station, Haiyan 810200, Qinghai, China
  • Received:2012-05-03 Revised:2012-08-10 Online:2013-07-20 Published:2012-08-10

摘要:

大气降尘在生活中随处可见,与人们的生活息息相关。本研究应用青海省8个监测站2004—2010年降尘量资料及气候和社会资料,对青海省降尘量时空分布规律及其影响因素进行灰色关联度和主成分分析。结果表明,青海省降尘量城市大,偏远的瓦里关山小;月降尘量4月峰11月谷;季节降尘量春季>夏季>冬季>秋季;年降尘量玛多和西宁呈下降趋势,共和与平安呈增加趋势,而瓦里关本底台、德令哈、同仁和格尔木降尘量年际间变化趋势不明显。沙尘天气出现频率年际和年代际变化均呈减少趋势。气候因素与降尘量的关联度自青海省东部向西部逐渐增大;社会因素中与降尘量的关联度大于0.900的因子有造林面积、木材采伐量、房屋建筑竣工面积、烟尘排放量、植被盖度综合指数、人口、工业粉尘排放量和农作物播种面积;对与降尘量的灰色关联度大于0.8的19个社会、气候因子进行主成分分析表明,气候因子的载荷值明显高于社会因子,气候因素对降尘量的影响集中而突出,而社会因素影响复杂而分散。

关键词: 降尘量, 时空分布, 气候因子, 社会因子, 灰色关联分析, 主成分分析

Abstract:

Atmospheric dust can be seen everywhere in life, and it is closely related with peoples life. Dustfall data from 8 monitoring stations, climate and social data of Qinghai Province in 2004-2010, and the methods of grey correlation analysis and principal component analysis were applied to study the temporal-spatial distribution of dustfall and its influence factors. It showed that the quantity of dustfall was large in cities and small in Waliguan mountain; monthly dustfall was the most in April, the lest in November; seasonal dustfall appeared as spring>summer>winter>autumn; In 2004-2010, the annual dustfall declined in Madoi and Xining, and annual dustfall increased in Gonghe and Ping'an, while change trends of annual dustfall were not significant for Waliguan, Delingha, Tongren and Golmud. Inter-annual and inter-decadal sand-dust weather frequency reduced. Correlation degree between dustfall and climate factors gradually increased from east to west in Qinghai; The social factors with correlation degree more than 0.900 with dustfall were afforestation area, timber, completed building area, smoke and dust emissions, vegetation cove comprehensive index, population, industrial dust emissions and sown crop area; the principal component analysis on the climatic, social factors with grey correlation degree greater than 0.8 showed that load value of climate factors was significantly higher than social factors, the influences of climatic factors on dustfall were prominent and concentrated, while the influence of social factors were complex and scattered.

Key words: dustfall, temporal-spatial distribution, climatic factors, social factors, gray relational analysis, principal component analysis

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