内蒙古半干旱区沙尘天气特征及其与地表特征的关系

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00160

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用2002—2010年朱日和气象站观测资料，结合同期归一化植被指数(NDVI)，叶面积指数(LAI)，植被净初级生产力(NPP)资料，分析了内蒙古半干旱区朱日和地区2002—2010年的沙尘天气特征。结果表明：朱日和地区临界起沙风速为9.4 m·s-1，2002—2010年沙尘天气频率和大于临界起沙风速频率呈波动变化，沙尘天气频率和大于临界起沙风速频率有很好相关性，超过18 m·s-1的强风极易导致沙尘天气的发生；定义标准化的沙尘天气频率（NfDO）为沙尘天气频率与大于临界起沙风速频率之比，当夏季降水量大于100 mm，夏季最大NDVI、最大LAI和最大NPP分别大于0.24、0.3 g·m-2·d-1和0.6 g·m-2·d-1（以碳计算）时，次年春季NfDO较低，沙尘天气不易发生；反之沙尘天气较易发生。对沙尘天气发生机制的分析发现，夏季有效的降水促进了植物生长，夏季降水量、最大NDVI、最大LAI和最大NPP增大，来年春天土壤不容易侵蚀，沙尘天气不易发生。

关键词: 沙尘天气, 半干旱区, 地表特征, 内蒙古

Abstract:

In this paper, based on meteorological data from the Zhurihe meteorological station and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), net primary productivity (NPP) in Zhurihe from 2002 to 2010, the characteristics of sand-dust weather and the relationships between land surface conditions and sand-dust weather in zhurihe were analyzed. The threshold wind speed is 9.4 m·s-1 in Zhurihe. The frequency of sand-dust weather and strong wind is fluctuant from 2002 to 2010. Sand-dust weather frequency is positively correlated with strong wind. Wind of more than 18 m·s-1 can easily lead to sand-dust weather. The normalized dust outbreak frequency (NfDO) is defined as the ratio of sand-dust weather frequency to strong wind frequency. NfDO in spring was always low in Zhurihe, when the accumulated precipitation amount from June to August, maximum NDVI, maximum LAI and maximum NPP from June to August during the previous year exceeded their thresholds (100 mm,0.24,0.3 and 0.6 g C·m-2·d-1, respectively). It suggests that the precipitation amount during the vegetation growing season predominantly controls plant production in summer and the land erodibility in spring of the next year and suppress sand-dust outbreak.

Key words: sand-dust weather, semi-arid regions, land surface conditions, Inner Mongolia

中图分类号:

P467

陈亿1,2，尚可政1，王式功1，李艳1，熊光洁1. 内蒙古半干旱区沙尘天气特征及其与地表特征的关系[J]. 中国沙漠, 2013, 33(4): 1131-1137.

CHEN Yi1,2, SHANG Ke-zheng1, WANG Shi-gong1, LI Yan1, XIONG Guang-jie1. Characteristics of Sand-dust Weather and the Relationship between Land Surface Conditions and Sand-dust Weather in Semi-arid Region of Inner Mongolia, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2013, 33(4): 1131-1137.

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