新疆阿勒泰地区2002-2011年地表水资源变化趋势

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00433

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在RS技术支持下，应用气象数据（主要为气温、降水）、基础地理数据及2002-2011年时间序列的Landsat TM、ETM+、MODIS/Terra+Aqua MCD43A4遥感影像产品，对阿勒泰地区地表水资源时空变化特征进行了分析，探索气象因素影响下阿尔泰山冰川积雪和地表水资源之间的相互作用。结果表明：在研究时段内，阿尔泰山6月2日的冰川积雪面积呈波动增加趋势，8月21日的冰川积雪面积则呈波动减少趋势。从景观格局的特征来看，随着夏季冰雪融水量增加，水资源量总体呈上升趋势，在研究时段内水域总面积增加了57.91 km²，增加面积主要来源于湖泊和水库，2011年的湖泊和水库面积分别为1 044.33 km²和196.27 km²，比2002年分别增加了16.67 km²和101.79 km²；沼泽湿地和坑塘湿地的面积变化呈一定的起伏，2002-2011年间面积分别减少了35.91 km²和24.27 km²，湖泊和水库的破碎度较低，沼泽湿地、河流和坑塘湿地的破碎度高，表明沼泽湿地、河流和坑塘湿地对气象因素变化较敏感。

关键词: 阿勒泰, 遥感, 水资源, 冰川积雪, 额尔齐斯河, 乌伦古河

Abstract: Using the meteorological data (mainly the temperature, precipitation), basic geographic data, 2002-2011 time series of Landsat TM, ETM+ images and MODIS/Terra+Aqua MCD43A4 products, temporal variation characteristics of surface water resource in Altay in recent 10 years were analyzed based on RS technology, also the interaction between the glacier snow cover in the Altai Mountains and the surface water resources in the region under the climate change were explored. The results indicated that under the background of the climate change, the area of glacier and snow in the Altai Mountains on June 2^nd had a fluctuation increase trend; glacier and snow area on August 21^st tended to decrease during the study period. From the point of view of landscape pattern characteristics, with the increases of snow-ice melt water resources in summer, the overall dynamic water resources of the region showed ascendant trend. The total water area increased 57.91 km² during the period 2002-2011. The increased water area mainly comes from lakes and reservoirs. The area of lakes and reservoir in 2011 were 1 044.33 km² and 196.27 km², compared to 2002, separately increased 16.67 km² and 101.79 km²; Marsh and swag area trended to change. The area of marsh and swag reduced separately by 35.91 km² and 24.27 km²during 2002-2011; Fragmentations of lakes and reservoirs were low, but fragmentations of swamp, river and swag were high. It indicated that swamp, river and swag were sensitive to climate factors change.

Key words: Altai, remote sensing analysis, surface water resource, glacier and snow cover, Ulungur River, Irtish River

中图分类号:

TV211.1

艾克拜尔·买提尼牙孜, 阿里木江·卡斯木. 新疆阿勒泰地区2002-2011年地表水资源变化趋势[J]. 中国沙漠, 2014, 34(5): 1393-1401.

Aikebaier Maitiniyazi, Alimujiang Kasimu. Change Trend of Surface Water Resources in Altai, Xinjiang, China[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2014, 34(5): 1393-1401.

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