浑善达克沙地飞播区植被动态

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2017.00032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用空间代替时间的方法，连续4年对浑善达克沙地飞播区（1999-2015年）植被进行调查，分析飞播植被演替进程中群落物种组成、多样性以及飞播植物种群盖度的动态变化，以期揭示飞播措施下的植被恢复规律，为飞播区植被稳定性维持提供依据。结果表明：（1）对照与演替初期生活型以一、二年生草本植物为主，随着演替时间的增加，多年生植物种类增加，逐渐取代一、二年生草本植物优势地位；演替9 a时原生植物入侵明显。（2）演替4 a时Pielou均匀度指数最高，演替9 a时Partrick丰富度指数最高，演替10 a时Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最高，在演替进程中，3个指数变化不一致。（3）羊柴种群在演替8 a时达到峰值（68.33%），种群能维持较长时间；白沙蒿种群在演替3 a时达到峰值（10.17%），在演替11 a时退出；沙打旺种群在演替4 a时达到峰值（12.67%），在演替9 a时退出；沙地榆种群盖度呈缓慢增加的线性趋势。飞播措施下浑善达克沙地植被能快速恢复，有利于植被自然演替。在浑善达克沙地生态建设中，应先考虑沙地的恢复力再决定是否飞播。

关键词: 物种组成, 飞播植物, 群落演替, 浑善达克沙地

Abstract: In this paper, the dynamic changes of species composition, diversity, and coverage of aerial sowing plant communities in the Hunshandake Sandy Land were investigated continuously for 4 years by means of space-time instead of time, in order to reveal the law of vegetation restoration under aerial measures, and to provide the basis for maintaining the stability of vegetation in the aerial area. The results showed that:(1) The control area and the initial area of the aerial sowing were dominated by one or two year old herbaceous plants. With the increase of aerial time, the perennial species increased and gradually replaced the primary and secondary herbs. (2) The Pielou index was the highest after 4 a succession, the Partrick index was the highest after 9 a succession, and the Shannon-Wiener index was the highest after 10 a succession. During the succession process, the three indexes changed with different discipline. (3)The population of Hedysarum laeve reached its peak after 8 a succession (68.33%), and the community kept stable for long term; The population of Artemisia sphaerocephala population reached its peak after 3 a succession (10.17%), and the population quitted after 11 a succession; The population of Astragalus adsurgens Shadawang' reached its peak after 4 a succession (12.67%), and the population withdrew after 9 a succession; The coverage of Ulmus pumila var. sabulosa population increased slowly with the linear trend. Therefore the vegetation can be quickly restored in the Hunshandake Sandy Land under aerial measures, and it is conducive to natural vegetation succession. It is necessary to consider the restoring force of sand land before aerial seeding in the Hunshandake Sandy Land.

Key words: species composition, aerial sowing plant, community succession, Hunshandake Sandy Land

中图分类号:

Q948.1

曹瑞, 刘果厚, 兰庆, 刘冠志, 慕宗杰, 桂荣, 刘利红, 王健. 浑善达克沙地飞播区植被动态[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(3): 535-544.

Cao Rui, Liu Guohou, Lan Qing, Liu Guanzhi, Mu Zongjie, Gui Rong, Liu Lihong, Wang Jian. Change of Plant Community in Air-Seeding Area of the Hunshandake Sandy Land[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2018, 38(3): 535-544.

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