巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山近地层温湿廓线与能量交换特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2017.00098

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用兰州大学冰川与沙漠研究中心科学观测实验站2015—2016年获得的高大沙山微气象数据，分析了巴丹吉林沙漠温湿廓线结构、土壤分层温度、辐射通量等特征，利用组合法和一维热传导方程分别计算了湍流通量及土壤热通量。结果表明：（1）近地层大气自下而上呈现近似等温或逆温分布，冬季逆温层厚度大于夏季。（2）初次观测到逆湿现象，比湿夏季最大，冬季最小，秋季和春季次之，全年平均约为4.2 g·kg^-1，高于塔克拉玛干沙漠。（3）土壤热通量在2月底至5月初振幅较大；感热通量具有显著的平均日变化特征，潜热通量平均日变化平稳，以0 W·m^-2为中心上下波动。能量交换以感热通量为主，陆-气温度差异是沙山感热通量变化的主要影响和控制因子。

关键词: 巴丹吉林沙漠, 廓线结构, 逆湿现象, 土壤热通量, 能量交换

Abstract: Based on the megadune micro-meteorological data obtained from the field observation experiment station of Research Center for Glacier and Desert of Lanzhou University in the Badain Jaran Desert during 2015-2016, we analyzed the change trends of the temperature and humidity profile, soil stratification temperature and radiation flux in the megadune in the Badain Jaran Desert. Meawhile, one-dimensional heat conduction equation and the compounding method were conducted to explore the characteristics of the turbulence flux and soil heat flux. The phenomenon of inverse humidity was observed at first time. The results show that the daily average temperature gradients of the near-surface atmosphere are nearly isothermal or inverted and the thickness of winter thermal inversion layer is larger than that in summer. The seasonal specific humidity has the highest value in summer and the lowest in winter with an annual average value of 4.2 g·kg^-1, which is higher than in the Taklimakan Desert. The specific humidity of each season shows a decreasing trend at first and then increases. In addition, the amplitude of the soil heat flux between the end of February and early May is larger than any other time during 2015-2016. The sensible heat flux has significant daily variations while the latent heat flux is relatively smooth and fluctuates around 0 W·m^-2. The research proves that the heat flux is the prior route for the energy exchange process in the megadune of Badain Jaran Desert. Simultaneously, the temperature difference of land-air is the main influence and control factor of sensible heat flux change.

Key words: Badain Jaran Desert, profile structure, inverse humidity, soil heat flux, energy exchange

中图分类号:

P422.4

许兴斌, 王乃昂, 梁晓燕, 牛震敏, 赵力强, 王奕心. 巴丹吉林沙漠高大沙山近地层温湿廓线与能量交换特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(6): 1303-1312.

Xu Xingbin, Wang Naiang, Liang Xiaoyan, Niu Zhenmin, Zhao Liqiang, Wang Yixin. Temperature, Humidity Profiles and Heat Balance in the Megadune Surface Layer of the Badain Jaran Desert[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2018, 38(6): 1303-1312.

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