RWEQ模型在河北坝上地区的适用性

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2018.00014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤风蚀是中国北方干旱半干旱地区重要的生态环境问题。坝上地区位于中国北方农牧交错带核心地段，是典型风蚀治理区。本研究实测了2015年（翻耕地）和2016年（莜麦留茬地）13个单次风暴风蚀和8个时段风蚀距离上风向（不可蚀边界）50 m 和100 m输沙通量，并根据RWEQ模型预测出距离上风向50 m 和100 m处的输沙通量。通过对比预测和实测输沙通量对RWEQ模型进行验证。结果表明：对于单次风暴风蚀事件，RWEQ模型对莜麦留茬地的预测效果要好于翻耕地，距离上风向100 m处的输沙通量好于50 m处；对于时段风蚀事件，对翻耕地的预测效果要好于莜麦留茬地，距离上风向100 m处的输沙通量好于50 m处；虽然两种时间尺度对于小风蚀事件的预测效果较差，但是预测和实测风蚀通量总体相关性较好。RWEQ模型的预测结果具有参考性，对河北坝上地区的风蚀具有一定的预测能力，但是需要经过进一步的参数修订才能取得更精确的风蚀预报结果。

关键词: 土壤风蚀, RWEQ模型, 模型验证, 坝上地区

Abstract: Wind erosion is an important ecological environment problem in arid and semi-arid areas in northern China. The Bashang Area is located in the core area of the agro-pastoral ecotone in northern China, and is a typical wind erosion control area. This study measured the transport fluxes of 13 storms and 8 period-wind erosion at the distances of 50 m and 100 m of downwind(non-erodable boundary) in 2015(tillage farmland) and 2016(oats residues) and predicted the transport fluxes at 50 m and 100 m of downwind based on the RWEQ model. We compared the observed and predicted transport flux to evaluate the RWEQ model. The results show that the wind erosion prediction by the RWEQ model of oats residues management is better than that of tillage farmland for the single events, and prediction of the Q₁₀₀ is better than that of the Q₅₀. For the period wind erosion, the prediction of the tillage farmlamd is better than that of oats residues, and prediction of the Q₁₀₀ is better than that of the Q₅₀. The results indicate that the RWEQ model poorly predicts the small wind erosion events, and there is a low relationship between the predicted and observed values. However, the RWEQ model could well predict large sediment transport for single event and period wind erosion. The RWEQ model can be used as a reference for predicting wind erosion in Bashang Area, Hebei Province. The prediction result of RWEQ model has reference value, and has certain prediction ability for wind erosion in Bashang Area, but it needs further parameter revision to get more accurate wind erosion prediction results.

Key words: wind erosion, RWEQ model, model validation, Bashang Area

中图分类号:

S157

邢春燕, 郭中领, 常春平, 王仁德, 张志栋. RWEQ模型在河北坝上地区的适用性[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(6): 1180-1192.

Xing Chunyan, Guo Zhongling, Chang Chunping, Wang Rende, Zhang Zhidong. Validation of RWEQ Model in the Bashang Area, Hebei, China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2018, 38(6): 1180-1192.

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