广东省东海岛海岸老鼠艻(Spinifex littoreus)草丛沙堆形态及沉积特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2019.00080

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海岸草丛沙堆广泛分布于中国的海岸地区，然而国内对其的研究还相对较少。为了探讨海岸草丛沙堆的形态特征及其沉积过程的相关机制，采用野外考察和实验分析的方法，对广东东海岛的老鼠艻（Spinifex littoreus）草丛沙堆的形态、空间位置及沉积物粒度特征进行分析。结果表明：（1）沙堆呈锥形或蝌蚪形，沙堆长轴、短轴和高度协同增长，迎风坡坡长对沙堆高度的影响突出，而背风坡坡长则对长轴的贡献更大；老鼠艻植被覆盖面积直接影响沙堆形态和沙堆体积。（2）沙堆发育于最大高潮线以上，沉积物粒度特征表明其沉积物主要来自邻近海滩。（3）合成输沙方向与沙堆长轴的走向基本一致，表明草丛沙堆沉积物主要受向岸风的控制。（4）草丛沙堆与海岸前丘的沉积物粒度特征高度一致，表明风沙流借草丛沙堆为"跳板"，不断向内陆输送，并可通过草丛沙堆相互拼接继而形成海岸前丘。

关键词: 草丛沙堆, 形态特征, 风沙沉积, 老鼠艻(Spinifex littoreus), 东海岛

Abstract: Coastal nebkhas are widely distributed in coastal areas of China, however few researches have focused on them, and hence the morphological and the mechanisms of deposition process of coastal nebkhas remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the shape, spatial location and characteristics of grain size of Spinifex littoreus nebkhas on the Donghai Island of Guangdong Province. The following results have been reached. (1)The nebkhas mostly presents as nearly cones or tadpoles, with a synergistical increasing of their length, width and height. The windward slopes exert great influence on the height of the nebkhas, while the leeward slopes contribute more to the long axis. The coverage of S. littoreus controls the morphology and the volume of nebkhas. (2) The nebkhas is always developed above the tide limit. The characteristics of grain size of the sediment show that the sediment mainly sourced from the nearshore. (3) The RDD is basically consistent with the direction of the long axis of nebkhas, indicating that the sediments of nebkhas is mainly controlled by the onshore wind. (4)High consistence can be observed in the characteristics of grain size of the sediments from nebkhas and foredunes, suggesting that wind-drift sand continuously transported to inland via nebkhas and nebkhas service as "springboards" for the transportation of wind-drift sand and as "connection" for the foredunes.

Key words: nebkhas, morphology, aeolian deposit, Spinifex littoreus, Donghai Island

中图分类号:

P931.9

冯淼彦, 董治宝, 黄日辉, 刘铮瑶, 肖南, 杨军怀, 陈国祥, 朱春鸣. 广东省东海岛海岸老鼠艻(Spinifex littoreus)草丛沙堆形态及沉积特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2019, 39(6): 167-176.

Feng Miaoyan, Dong Zhibao, Huang Rihui, Liu Zhengyao, Xiao Nan, Yang Junhuai, Chen Guoxiang, Zhu Chunming. Morphology and Sediments of Coastal Spinifex littoreus Nebkhas on Donghai Island of Guangdong Province, China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2019, 39(6): 167-176.

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