毛乌素沙地沙丘活化过程中油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)根系特征

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2020.00001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根系是植物的重要营养器官，轻微的环境变化也会引起根系的变化。采用时空代替法，在毛乌素沙地选取固定沙丘、轻度活化沙丘、中度活化沙丘、重度活化沙丘上的油蒿（Artemisia ordosica）植株，采用全根分层挖掘的方法调查根系生态特征。结果表明：油蒿表现出深根性轴根植物的特点，不同活化程度沙丘油蒿根系生物量均以粗根最大，中粗根次之，细根最小，但沙丘的活化显著弱化了油蒿的轴根特征；在沙丘活化的初期（固定沙丘、轻度活化沙丘）油蒿根系垂直方向分布较深（平均>200 cm），水平方向分布范围较小，侧根数量较多，随着沙丘活化程度的增加，油蒿根系分布浅层化，侧根数量减少但水平方向分布范围增加，根幅增大，油蒿有向须根植物演变的趋势；从固定沙丘到重度活化沙丘，由于植被盖度的降低，风沙活动的加剧，沙埋的发生导致油蒿地下总生物量不断增加，根冠比也呈增加趋势。生境的改变，导致油蒿根系的分配格局发生改变，最终适应沙丘活化后的土壤水分条件以及相应的生态环境的改变。

关键词: 生物量, 根系分布, 根冠比

Abstract: Roots are important vegetative organs of plants, and any slight environmental changes could cause changes in the root system. In this research, a space-for-time substitution method was used to select Artemisia ordosica on sand dunes with different activation levels, smaller in the horizontal direction, and more in the number of lateral roots. With the increase of the sand dune activation, the root distribution of A. ordosica is shallow, the number of lateral roots is reduced, but the horizontal distribution range is increased, and the root width is gradually expanded, there is a trend of evolution towards fibrous root plant. From fixed dune to heavily activated dune, due to the decrease of vegetation coverage and the intensification of wind-sand activities, the occurrence of sand-burial leads to the continuous increase of total underground biomass and root-shoot ratio of A. ordosica. The change of habitat led to the change of distribution pattern of roots of A. ordosica, which finally adapted to the soil moisture conditions and the corresponding ecological environment after the activation of dune.

Key words: biomass, roots distribution, root-shoot ratio

中图分类号:

Q948.11

岳艳鹏, 孙迎涛, 庞营军, 成龙, 周虹, 贾晓红, 赵雨兴, 赵河聚, 吴波. 毛乌素沙地沙丘活化过程中油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)根系特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(3): 177-184.

Yue Yanpeng, Sun Yingtao, Pang Yingjun, Cheng Long, Zhou Hong, Jia Xiaohong, Zhao Yuxing, Zhao Heju, Wu Bo. Root characteristics of Artemisia ordosica in the process of sand dunes activation in Mu Us Sandland[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2020, 40(3): 177-184.

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