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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 142-149.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00081

• • 上一篇    下一篇

微塑料添加对小麦苗期生长及干物质分配的影响

肖昱承1(), 杜彦磊1,2,3(), 周永贤2, 韦利雪2, 次旺曲措1   

  1. 1.兰州大学,生态学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.兰州大学,生命科学学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.兰州大学,草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-14 修回日期:2022-05-13 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 杜彦磊
  • 作者简介:杜彦磊(E-mail: yanleidu@lzu.edu.cn
    肖昱承(2001—),男,甘肃兰州人,本科生,生态学专业。E-mail: xiaoych19@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    兰州大学学生创新创业行动计划项目(20210180007)

Effects of microplastics addition on seedling growth and dry matter distribution of two wheat varieties

Yucheng Xiao1(), Yanlei Du1,2,3(), Yongxian Zhou2, Lixue Wei2, Qucuo Ciwang1   

  1. 1.School of Ecology /, Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.School of Life Sciences /, Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2022-04-14 Revised:2022-05-13 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2023-01-18
  • Contact: Yanlei Du

摘要:

土壤环境中微塑料污染已成为全球关注的环境问题。关于微塑料对于植物生长的直接影响和由于土壤理化性状改变的间接影响研究已逐步开展,但针对小麦的研究鲜见报道。试验选择两个旱地小麦品种(甘春27和禾尚头)作为研究对象,选取高密度聚乙烯作为微塑料添加,设置3种质量浓度(0、1、4 g·kg-1)开展盆栽试验,对不同微塑料组合处理下小麦的出苗率、株高、全株生物量和地上/地下干物质分配进行了分析。结果表明:(1)微塑料添加对两个品种出苗率没有影响。(2)禾尚头在添加1 g·kg-1微塑料时比添加0、4 g·kg-1时全株生物量分别高46.7%、8.5%,甘春27在添加1 g·kg-1微塑料时比添加0、4 g·kg-1时全株生物量分别高28.7%、17.2%;甘春27整体比禾尚头在3种浓度处理下全株生物量分别高24.9%、9.6%、1.5%。(3)不同试验处理条件下,甘春27将更多的干物质分配在地上植株的构建,其在地下(根系)和地上(茎叶)部分的分配比例整体小于禾尚头。整体上,适度微塑料添加可通过改善土壤环境促进小麦生长和干物质积累;而较高的小麦生物量和地上/地下干物质比值说明,甘春27比禾尚头在应对微塑料胁迫时,具有更强的抗逆性。

关键词: 微塑料, 小麦, 盆栽试验, 幼苗生长, 干物质分配

Abstract:

Microplastics accumulation and pollution in soil has become a global environmental issue in the world.Many researches on the direct impact of micro plastics on plant growth and the indirect impact due to the changes of soil physical and chemical properties has been gradually carried out, but the research on the impact of different wheat varieties in the drylands is rarely reported.Two native dryland-planted wheat varieties (Ganchun 27 and Heshangtou) was as the selected research objects.High-density polyethylene with three mass concentrations (0, 1 and 4 g·kg-1) as the microplastics type were added for the wheat pot experiments under natural environmental conditions.The seed emergence rate, plant height, whole plant dry biomass and the under- /aboveground dry matter distribution rate of wheat under different soil micro plastic additions were analyzed during the seedling stage.The results showed that: (1) the addition of micro plastic had no effect on the emergence rate of the two varieties.(2) The whole-wheat biomass of Heshangtou variety was 46.7% and 8.5% higher than that of 0 g·kg-1 and 4 g·kg-1, respectively.The whole-wheat biomass of Ganchun 27 variety was 28.7% and 17.2% higher than that of 0 g·kg-1 and 4 g·kg-1, respectively.The whole-wheat biomass of Ganchun 27 wheat was 24.9%, 9.6% and 1.5% higher than that of Heshangtou wheat under the three concentrations, respectively.(3) Under different experimental treatment conditions, Ganchun 27 wheat had more dry matter distribution in the aboveground (stem and leaf), and the rates of under-/above-ground are lower than Heshangtou wheat.In the whole, the moderate micro plastic addition can promote wheat growth and dry matter accumulation by improving soil environment, and Ganchun 27 had stronger stress resistance than Heshangtou wheat variety due to the results of the dry matter distribution between the roots and stem and leaf.This research results have certain scientific value for the risk assessment and stress resistant variety selection of micro plastics in crop soil ecosystem.

Key words: microplastics, wheat varieties, pot experiment, seedling growth, dry matter distribution

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