img

官方微信

高级检索

中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 21-35.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00126

• • 上一篇    下一篇

中国干旱半干旱区气候异常影响机理研究进展

程姗岭1(), 于海鹏2(), 任钰1, 周洁1, 罗红羽2,3, 刘晨汐4, 龚咏琪1   

  1. 1.兰州大学 大气科学学院,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 中国科学院寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室/那曲高寒气候环境观测研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    4.兰州区域气候中心/甘肃省气象局,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-28 修回日期:2022-08-29 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-05-31
  • 通讯作者: 于海鹏
  • 作者简介:于海鹏(E-mail: yuhp@lzb.ac.cn
    程姗岭(1999—),女,四川成都人,硕士研究生,主要从事气候预测方面研究。E-mail: chengshl21@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42122034);甘肃省科技计划项目(21JR7RA067);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021427)

Research progress on the influence mechanism of climate anomalies in arid and semi-arid regions in China

Shanling Cheng1(), Haipeng Yu2(), Yu Ren1, Jie Zhou1, Hongyu Luo2,3, Chenxi Liu4, Yongqi Gong1   

  1. 1.School of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions / Nagqu Station of Plateau Climate and Environment,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    4.Lanzhou Regional Climate Center / Gansu Meteorological Bureau,Lanzhou 730020,China
  • Received:2022-07-28 Revised:2022-08-29 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-31
  • Contact: Haipeng Yu

摘要:

干旱半干旱区占中国陆地面积一半以上,生态环境脆弱,对全球气候变化和人类活动的响应敏感,极端气候事件呈多发、强发态势。该区域的气候异常不仅受到大气内部变率的调制,还受海温、海冰和积雪等下垫面影响,这些物理因子对干旱半干旱区气候异常起关键性作用。文章系统性地回顾和梳理了这些物理因子对中国干旱半干旱区气候异常影响的研究。研究表明:大气遥相关作为气候异常的内部影响因子,其位相转变造成的环流异常会通过调控急流位置、行星波活动、阻塞强度、槽脊位置等造成干旱半干旱区气候异常;而海温则通过影响季风强度、沃克(Walker)环流强度、西太平洋副热带高压位置及激发大气罗斯贝(Rossby)波响应等方式对干旱半干旱区气候异常产生影响;积雪通过反照率效应和水文效应,改变地表辐射、土壤温湿度等下垫面热力状况,进而通过非绝热加热或改变大气斜压性等方式对干旱半干旱区气温和降水产生显著作用。文章在总结已有研究进展的基础上,指出不同因子之间的协同作用机制以及各因子对中国干旱半干旱区气候异常的贡献仍有待进一步研究。

关键词: 干旱半干旱区, 气候异常, 遥相关, 海温, 海冰, 积雪

Abstract:

The arid and semi-arid regions cover more than half of China's land area, which are sensitive to global climate change and human activities with fragile ecological environment. Extreme climate events are frequent and strong in those regions, where the climate anomalies are not only modulated by the internal atmospheric variability, but also affected by the underlying surfaces such as sea surface temperature, sea ice and snow cover. These physical factors play a key role in the climate anomalies in arid and semi-arid regions. This article systematically reviews and sorts out the effects of these physical factors on climate anomalies in arid and semi-arid regions of China. Studies have shown that atmospheric teleconnection is an internal influencing factor of climate anomalies, and the circulation anomalies caused by its phase transition will cause climate anomalies in arid and semi-arid regions by regulating the position of jet stream, planetary wave activity, blocking intensity, and the location of trough-ridge. Sea surface temperature affects the climate anomalies in arid and semi-arid regions by influencing the intensity of monsoon and Walker circulation and the location of western Pacific subtropical high, in the meantime stimulating the response of atmospheric Rossby waves. Moreover, snow cover changes the thermal conditions of the underlying surfaces such as surface radiation and soil temperature and humidity through the albedo effect and hydrological effect, and then has a significant effect on the temperature and precipitation in arid and semi-arid regions by diabatic heating or changing atmospheric baroclinicity. On the basis of summarizing the existing research progresses and achievements, the paper points out that the synergistic mechanism among different factors and the contribution of each factor to the climate anomalies in the arid and semi-arid regions of China still need further research.

Key words: arid and semi-arid regions, climate anomaly, teleconnection, sea surface temperature, sea ice, snow cover

中图分类号: