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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 274-283.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00133

• • 上一篇    

20012020年新疆风沙环境致灾潜力特征

赵亚洲1,2,3,4,5,6(), 李生宇1,2,3,4,5(), 王世杰1,2,4,5, 范敬龙1,2,4,5, 吴燕6   

  1. 1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,国家荒漠-绿洲生态建设工程技术研究中心,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    3.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,莫索湾沙漠研究站,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    4.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,塔克拉玛干沙漠研究站,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    5.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    6.新疆维吾尔自治区第二测绘院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-28 修回日期:2022-11-01 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-05-31
  • 通讯作者: 李生宇
  • 作者简介:李生宇(E-mail: oasis@ms.xjb.ac.cn
    赵亚洲(1998—),男,河南郑州人,硕士研究生,主要从事荒漠化防治与生态遥感研究。E-mail: 2394820306@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    第三次新疆综合科学考察课题(2021xjkk0305)

Analysis of temporal and spatial characteristics of hazard potential of wind blown sand environment in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2020

Yazhou Zhao1,2,3,4,5,6(), Shengyu Li1,2,3,4,5(), Shijie Wang1,2,4,5, Jinglong Fan1,2,4,5, Yan Wu6   

  1. 1.National Engineering Technology Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction /, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology /, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China
    3.Mosuowan Desert Research Station /, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China
    4.Taklimakan Desert Research Station, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China
    5.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    6.The Second Surveying and Mapping Institute of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830011,China
  • Received:2022-07-28 Revised:2022-11-01 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-31
  • Contact: Shengyu Li

摘要:

新疆地形和气候复杂,沙源丰富,风力强劲,风沙活动频繁,风沙灾害是工程建设和经济发展的重要威胁。风沙环境致灾潜力评价可指导沙区工程建设和防沙方案制定,是灾害应急管理的一项重要基础工作。本文选用土壤有机碳含量、土壤水含量、土壤沙含量、土地利用类型、植被指数、降水量、潜在蒸散发量和合成输沙势8个指标,分析2001—2020年新疆风沙环境致灾潜力的时间变化与空间分异。结果表明:(1)新疆风沙环境致灾潜力具有明显的季节变化特征,夏季、秋季、春季、冬季的致灾潜力值大于3的面积逐渐增加。2月和11月的致灾潜力值较低。(2)风沙环境致灾潜力呈东高西低、山区低平原高的空间分布特征,高值区位于塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、吐鲁番盆地等沙物质丰富且风动力较强的区域,低值区主要分布在山区、绿洲及河流沿岸等植被覆盖度高的区域。(3)2001—2020年,新疆风沙环境致灾潜力年均值呈先上升后下降的变化过程。整体的变化趋势较为稳定,稳定不变、轻微改善和轻微加剧的像元数占比分别为84.4%、14.72%和0.87%。

关键词: 风沙环境, 致灾潜力, 时空变化, 新疆

Abstract:

Xinjiang has complex topography and climate, abundant sand sources, strong wind, and frequent sandstorm activities. Sandstorm disasters are an important threat to engineering construction and economic development. The assessment of the hazard potential of the wind blown sand environment can guide the construction of sand area projects and the formulation of sand control plans, and is an important basic work for disaster emergency management. In this paper, eight indicators including soil organic carbon content, soil water content, soil sand content, land use type, vegetation index, precipitation, evapotranspiration and resultant drift potential are selected to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of hazard potential of wind blown sand environment in Xinjiang from 2001 to 2020. Results show that: (1)The hazard potential of the wind blown sand environment in Xinjiang has obvious seasonal variation characteristics, and the area with the hazard potential value greater than 3 gradually increases in summer, autumn, spring and winter. Lower hazard potential values in February and November. (2)The hazard potential of wind blown sand environment shows the spatial distribution characteristics of high in the east and low in the west, low in mountainous areas and high in the plain. High value regions are located in Tarim Basin, Junggar basin, Turpan Basin and other regions with abundant sand and strong wind power. Low value regions are mainly distributed in areas with high vegetation coverage, such as mountains, oases and river banks. (3)From 2001 to 2020, the annual average value of the hazard potential of wind blown sand environment in Xinjiang showed a change process of first rising and then declining. The overall change trend is relatively stable, and the proportion of pixels that are stable, slightly improved and slightly intensified is 84.4%, 14.72% and 0.87% respectively. The research results can provide an important reference for the layout and decision-making of economic and social development in windy and sandy areas in Xinjiang.

Key words: wind blown sand environment, hazard potential, temporal and spatial changes, Xinjiang

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