关键词: 引种, 草坪, 荒漠绿洲

Abstract: The climate in the Ejin desert oasis is extremely arid, which has only 43.9 mm annual average precipitation, but over 34131 mm evaporation. There, the annual average air temperature is 87℃, the highest and the lowest air temperature are 41.2℃ and -34℃ respectively, and the highest ground surface temperature rises over 70℃. So the land saline-alkalinization and land desertification develop violently. Soil for experiment is salinized meadow soil in which coarse grain (grain diameter between 0.25-1 mm) consists 5582%-7597% of all size grains, and organic matter content is 118%-233% in 0-20 cm layer. For establishing high quality greensward in such environment, experiment on species introduction has been conducted for two years. The 21 introduced species are all belong to cold tolerant types. The measured contents in experiment mainly include speeds of seedling growing and grassplot becoming, green period, pruned mass and survival rate after Winter. Meanwhile, greenswards under different mixed seeding formula and different seeding rate are evaluated according to survival rate, pruned mass and weeds proportion. The results are as follows:The seedlings of 21 introduced species all grow very slowly but with obvious difference 45 days after sowing. Viewed from individual growing height, Lolium L. and Tall festuca are fast growing type species, which followed by Agrostis L. and Poa L. in order. Relatively, the period of grassplot becoming are 45 days, 55-60 days and 70-90 days respectively.There are 13 species that have returned green after one winter with lowest air temperature of -30℃, in which only 10 species have longer green period. They are Kenturke, Wabash, Flyking, Hent, Nassan, Ikone, Hult, Snow of Poa L. as well as Tall festuce and Festuca rubra of Festuca L.. The survival rates after Winter of them are 45%-95%. The last sifted out formula of greensward are that of Festuca L. as protection specie and Poa L. as edificator:Kenturke (80%)+ Tall festuce (10)+Festuca rubra (10). The principal sowing season is in Spring.

Key words: Specices introduction, Greensward, Desert oasis