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中国沙漠 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 689-695.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

关于喀斯特石漠和石漠化概念的讨论

李阳兵1,2, 王世杰1, 容丽1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院 地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵州 贵阳 550002;
    2. 贵州师范大学 地理与生物科学学院, 贵州 贵阳 550001
  • 收稿日期:2003-08-22 修回日期:2003-11-04 出版日期:2004-12-20 发布日期:2004-12-20
  • 作者简介:李阳兵(1968-),男(汉族),重庆潼南人,博士后,主要研究方向为土地资源与生态环境治理。E-mail:li-yapin@sohu.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(49833002; 90202003)资助

Discuss on Concepts of Rock Desertification and Rock Desert in Karst Region

LI Yang-bing1,2, WANG Shi-jie1, RONG Li1,2   

  1. 1. National Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Geochemistry Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China;
    2. School of Geographical and Biological Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
  • Received:2003-08-22 Revised:2003-11-04 Online:2004-12-20 Published:2004-12-20

摘要: 喀斯特石漠化是近年来所认识到的一种地质生态灾害, 所造成的经济、环境乃至社会影响越来越大, 受到国家的广泛关注, 但却存在生态建设超前、基础研究落后的严峻现实。本文总结了当前石漠化的类型划分和存在问题, 从喀斯特生态系统运行的地学过程、生物学过程和人为过程出发, 提出石漠化过程存在地质石漠化过程、生态系统石漠化过程和人为加速石漠化过程, 对不同类型的石漠化宜分别采取保护、恢复、重建、维持措施。石漠和石漠化表达的时空范畴不同, 是石漠化这一土地退化过程的最后或顶极结果, 自然条件下其形成多与地表坡度较大有关, 而人为加速石漠化过程中石漠化土地空间分布与地形坡度、地貌部位并无直接联系。建议以"干扰方式+植被+土壤+地貌"对人为加速石漠化过程导致的石漠化土地进行类型划分, 评价的土地应分为非石漠化土地、石漠化土地和逆转优化的"基准化"土地。

关键词: 石漠, 石漠化, 人为加速作用

Abstract: Karst rock desertification has been recently regarded as a kind of geological-ecological disaster resulting in more and more intense economic, environmental and social effect, but basic researches on it lagged ecological construction. This paper summarizes current classification and problems of karst rock desertification. Different rock desertification types should adopt conservation, restoration, reallocation and preservation respectively based on analyses to the running processes of karst ecosystem including geological, biological and artificial processes. The karst rock desertification processes exist geological rock desertification, ecosystem rock desertification and artificially accelerating rock desertification. Rock desert is the last or the climax result of rock desertification processes, and different from rock desertification in space-time category. The formation of rock desert has much matter with the large slope gradient under natural conditions, but the distribution of artificially accelerating rock desertification has no direct relation with topography and geomorphologic position. It is suggested that the rock desertified lands resulting from artificially accelerating rock desertification should be classified into no-rock desertification land, rock desertification land and reversed "benchmark" land based on regionalization indicators "disturbed mode+vegetation+soil+geomorphology".

Key words: rock desertification, rock desert, artificially accelerating processes

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