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中国沙漠 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 798-801.

• 研究综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

颗粒物质中的崩塌现象

肖文波, 胡林, 蔡绍洪   

  1. 贵州大学物理系, 贵州贵阳 550025
  • 收稿日期:2003-12-10 修回日期:2004-03-17 出版日期:2004-12-20 发布日期:2004-12-20
  • 作者简介:肖文波(1975-),男(汉族),籍贯江西南昌,现为贵州大学物理系2002级理论物理专业硕士研究生,目前从事颗粒物质的性质研究。E-mail:xiaowenbo1570@sina.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(10374021); 贵州省科技厅基金(20043016); 贵州省组织部知工办资助项目资助

Avalanche Phenomena of Granular Materials

XIAO Wen-bo, HU Lin, CAI Shao-hong   

  1. Department of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • Received:2003-12-10 Revised:2004-03-17 Online:2004-12-20 Published:2004-12-20

摘要: 沙丘发育和前移、泥石流、雪崩、地震等诸多自然现象和自然灾害都与颗粒物质的崩塌有着紧密的联系。Bak等提出的元胞自动机模型(简称BTW模型)、Kadanoff提出的广义LL模型(loca llimited model)、Manna提出的随机性自动元胞机模型(stochastic automaton)和Wiesenfeld等人提出的决定性元胞自动机模型(deterministic automaton)模拟沙堆崩塌现象, 各有成功之处, 在一定程度上反映了颗粒崩塌的某些非线性特征, 然而, 都局限于一定的实验和模拟条件, 与实际结果尚有相当的差距。迄今并没有一个普适的理论概括颗粒物质的崩塌现象, 有待深入的实验和理论分析。笔者在调研和分析大量文献后, 对今后如何研究沙堆崩塌现象提出了一些看法。

关键词: 颗粒物质, 崩塌, 自组织临界

Abstract: Many natural phenomena and natural disasters have close relation with granular materials avalanche, i.e. sand dune development and movement, debris flow, snowslide and earthquake. The sand-pile automaton model, the local limited model, the stochastic automaton model and the deterministic automaton model all has in some extent successfully simulated the avalanche phenomena of granular materials, but their results still have considerable difference with the fact due to limited conditions of experiment and simulation. It is necessary to conduct in-deep experimentation and theoretic analysis for find a universal theory explaining the avalanche phenomena of granular materials. Finally, some suggestions are put forward on how to solve sand piles avalanche problem in the future.

Key words: granular materials, avalanche, self-organized criticality

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