关键词: 粉尘气溶胶, 风蚀, 吹沙, 粉尘释放通量, 模拟

Abstract: Dust aerosols play multiple roles in the interface of atmosphere, continent and ocean, which promote the developments of variety of dust emission models. The models proposed respectively by Gillette et al and US EPA are too simple in that only the two factors of friction velocity and soil texture are taken into account, while the mechanism of dust emission by wind erosion cannot be expressed. The model of Shao et al and DPM model of Alfaro et al, illustrate the effect of surface features on wind erosion in terms of the parameters of soil size distribution, roughness length, threshold friction velocity and moisture, and also describe the mechanism of dust emission on the basis of binding energies of aggregates and crater volume of saltating aggregates. It has been an obvious progress in simulating dust emission that sandblasting mechanism of dust entrainment is proposed and verified through wind tunnel experiment and field observation for the last two decades. Nevertheless, all the models for dust emission are far from perfect due to limited knowledge of dust entrainment mechanisms, especially more uncertainties existed in modeling binding energies of aggregates, which should be exactly modified in the future.

Key words: dust aerosol, wind erosion, sandblasting, dust emission flux, modeling