灌丛沙堆的研究进展与意义

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 灌丛沙堆是一种重要的风积地貌类型。在阐明灌丛沙堆分布规律、基本特征的基础上,着重论述了沙源、植被、风况等三个主要因素在灌丛沙堆地貌发育过程中所起的作用,总结了灌丛沙堆形成演化各阶段的地貌特征。随着灌丛沙堆地貌研究的不断深入,灌丛沙堆在土地荒漠化监测与评价、区域环境演变研究等方面的应用日益被国内外学者所关注。

关键词: 灌丛沙堆, 分布规律, 类型特征, 演化过程, 应用研究

Abstract: Nabkha is a kind of typical aeolian landforms. This paper reviewed overseas and domestic research achievements in distribution law, configuration characters, matter structure, type partition, and evolvement process about Nabkhas. At the base of setting forth the distribution law and essential characters of Nabkhas, this paper emphatically analyzed on functions of sand source, vegetation and wind regime in the process of Nabkha formation. Besides, the characters of landform in the formation phases of Nabkhas were summarized in the paper. With the development of research on Nabkhas, overseas and domestic researchers are paying more and more attention to application of Nabkha research in monitoring and estimating soil desertification and regional environment evolvement.

Key words: Nabkha, distribution law, type character, evolvement process, application research

中图分类号:

P931.3

武胜利;李志忠;肖晨曦;孙秋梅;刘丽梅. 灌丛沙堆的研究进展与意义[J]. 中国沙漠, 2006, 26(5): 734-738.

WU Sheng-li;LI Zhi-zhong;XIAO Cheng-xi;SUN Qiu-mei;LIU Li-mei. Research Progress on Nabkhas and Research Significance[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2006, 26(5): 734-738.

参考文献

[1]Nickling W G, Wolfe S A. The morphology and origin of Nabkhas, region of Mopti, Mali, West Africa[J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 1994,(28): 13-30.
[2]Mares M A. Encyclopedia of Deserts[M]. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999.189.
[3]穆桂金.塔克拉玛干沙漠灌草丘类型、成因及演变规律[J].干旱区研究,1995,(增刊):31-37.
[4]Tengberg A, Chen D. A comparative analysis of nebkhas in central Tunisia and northern Burkina Faso[J].Aeolian Environments, 1998, (22):181-192.
[5]夏训诚,赵元杰.红柳沙包的层状特征及其可能的年代学意义[J].科学通报,2004,49（13）:1137-1138.
[6]穆桂金.塔克拉玛干沙漠灌草丘的发育特征及环境意义[J].干旱区研究,1994,11（1）:34-40.
[7]Bahre C J, Shelton M L. Historic vegetation change, mesquite increases and climate in southeastern Arizona[J]. Journal of Biogeography, 1993,(20): 489-504.
[8]De Soyza A G, Whitford W G, Van Zee J W, et al. Early warning indicators of desertification: examples from the Chihuahuan Desert[J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 1998,(39): 101-112.
[9]Grover H D,Musick H B. Shrubland encroachment in southern New Mexico, USA: an analysis of desertification processes in the American Southwest[J]. Climatic Change, 1990, (17):305-330.
[10]朱震达.中国西北干旱及半干旱地区沙丘分类问题[A].中国科学院治沙队编.治沙研究(第四号)[C].北京:科学出版社,1962.31-47.
[11]谭见安.风沙地区大比例尺地貌调查和地貌图的编制及其意义[A].中国科学院治沙队编.治沙研究(第四号)[C].北京:科学出版社,1962.62-75.
[12]王涛主编.中国沙漠与沙漠化[M].石家庄:河北科学技术出版社,2003.404-405.
[13]吴正等著.风沙地貌与治沙工程学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.163.
[14]朱震达著.中国沙漠·沙漠化·荒漠化及其治理的对策[M]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社,1999.51.
[15]朱震达,陈广庭等著.中国土地沙质荒漠化[M].北京:科学出版社,1994.24.
[16]周海燕,李新荣.极端条件下几种锦鸡儿属灌木的生理特性[J].中国沙漠,2005,25（2）:182-191.
[17]李秋艳,何志斌.不同生境条件下泡泡刺(Nitraria sphaerocarpa)种群的空间格局及动态分析[J]. 中国沙漠,2004,24（4）:484-489.
[18]周海燕,张景光.脆弱生态带典型区域几种锦鸡儿属优势灌木的光合特征[J]. 中国沙漠,2001,21（3）:227-232.
[19]周茅先,肖洪浪.额济纳绿洲柽柳群落蒸散特征的初步分析[J]. 中国沙漠,2004,24（4）:479-483.
[20]赵雪,张小由.额济纳绿洲沙漠化对柽柳群落影响的研究[J].中国沙漠,2004,24（4）:467-473.
[21]杨丽文,何秉宇. 和田河流域天然柽柳灌木林生态价值评估[J]. 中国沙漠,2005,25（2）:268-275.
[22]Langford R P. Nabkha (coppice dune) fields of south-central New Mexico, USA[J]. Journal of Arid Environments, 2000, 46: 25-41.
[23]Muhtar Qong, Hiroki Takamura,Mijit Hudaberdi. Formation and internal structure of Tamarix cones in the Taklimakan Desert[J]. Journal of Arid Environments,2002,(50): 81-97.
[24]Melton F A. A tentative classification of sand dunes and its application to dune history in the southern High Plains[J]. Journal of Geology, 1940,48: 113-173.
[25]Hack J T. The dunes of western Navajo county[J]. Geogra-Physical Review,1941, 31:240-362.
[26]Hesp P A. The formation of shadow dunes[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1981,51:101-112.
[27]York J C, Dick-Peddie W A. Vegetation changes in southern New Mexico during the past hundred years[A]. In: Ginnies W G, Goldman B J (Eds).Arid Lands in Perspective[C].1969.156-157.
[28]Mckee E D. Sediment structure in dunes of the Namib desert, south west Africa[J]. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 1982,188: 48-49.
[29]宋郁东,樊自立,雷志栋,等.中国塔里木河水资源与生态问题研究[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社, 2000.244.
[30]贾宝全,慈龙骏,高志海,等.绿洲荒漠化及其评价指标体系的初步探讨[J].干旱区研究,2001,18（2）:19-24.
[31]贾宝全,慈龙骏.绿洲-荒漠交错带环境特征初步研究[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(9):1104-1108.
[32]王让会,樊自立.塔里木河下游近50a来沙质荒漠化演变规律[J].中国沙漠,2000,20（1）:45-51.
[33]王涛,赵哈林.中国沙漠科学的五十年[J].中国沙漠,2005,25（2）:145-165.
[34]高志海,孙保平.荒漠化评价研究综述[J].中国沙漠,2004,24（1）:17 -23.
[35]王继和,马全林.干旱区沙漠化土地逆转植被的时空格局及其机制研究[J]. 中国沙漠,2004,24（6）:729 -734.
[36]周廷儒.南疆塔里木河中游的变迁问题[A].见:中国科学院新疆综合考察队、苏联科学院地理研究所编.新疆维吾尔自治区的自然条件（论文集）[C].北京:科学出版社,1959.60-74.
[37]周兴佳.塔里木河流域水系变迁与流域土地沙漠化的初步研究[A].见:西北干旱地区全新世环境变迁与人类文明兴衰（尹泽生等主编）[C].北京:地质出版社,1995.158-178.
[38]中国科学院新疆资源开发综合考察队.新疆第四纪地质与环境[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1994.