积尘对光伏电站发电功率的影响研究综述

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00150

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 概述了积尘对光伏电站发电功率的影响，提出积尘通过影响辐照度、温度来影响短路电流、开路电压和最大功率（包含最大电流和最大电压），并分析了降尘量、降雨量、降雨强度和频率、风速和风向、湿度、地表植被与空气污染、光伏组件表面封存材料的材质、光伏组件放置的倾角和方位角等因素对光伏组件积尘的影响。最后提出：（1）从微观角度深入研究各种因素对光伏组件积尘的影响；（2）加强研究空气质量、气候特点与光伏组件积尘的关系；（3）建立光伏组件发电数据和积尘状况长期远程监测系统；（4）就积尘对光伏组件功率的影响进行专项评估，并考虑清洁积尘系统的设计。

关键词: 积尘, 光伏组件, 发电功率, 机理, 影响

Abstract: This paper summarized the impact of photovoltaic (PV) power output by dust accumulation, dust cumulated on PV modules caused a significant decrease of power output, and analyzed the effects of dust capacity, the amount of rainfall, rainfall intensity and rain frequency, wind velocity and wind direction, humidity, vegetation, air pollution, the material of PV module surface and the inclination, azimuth angle of PV modules on dust accumulation. Finally, some suggestions were presented:(1) to study how various factors affect the dust accumulation on photovoltaic module from the microscopic point of view; (2) to study the relationship between environmental air quality, climate characteristics and dust accumulation on PV modules; (3) to establish long-term and remote monitoring system of power output and dust accumulation; (4) to assess the impact of dust accumulation on PV power output, and design dust cleaning system.

Key words: dust accumulation, photovoltaic module, power output, mechanism, impact

中图分类号:

TM615

崔永琴, 冯起, 孙家欢, 李芳, 肖建华. 积尘对光伏电站发电功率的影响研究综述[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(2): 270-277.

Cui Yongqin, Feng Qi, Sun Jiahuan, Li Fang, Xiao Jianhua. Review on the Impact of Dust Accumulation on Photovoltaic Power Output[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2018, 38(2): 270-277.

参考文献

[1] Werner C,Gerlach A,Breyer C,et al.Latest developments in global installed photovoltaic capacity and hidden growth markets[C]//31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition,2015.
[2] 文小航,尚可政,王式功,等.1961-2000年中国太阳辐射区域特征的初步研究[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(3):554-561.
[3] 桑建人,刘玉兰,林莉.宁夏太阳辐射特征及太阳能利用潜力综合评价[J].中国沙漠,2006,26(1):122-125.
[4] 陈志华.1957-2000年中国地面太阳辐射状况的研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院(大气物理研究所),2005.
[5] Liu W,Lund H,Mathiesen B V,et al.Potential of renewable energy systems in China[J].Applied Energy,2011,88(2):518-525.
[6] 李柯,何凡能.中国陆地太阳能资源开发潜力区域分析[J].地理科学进展,2010,29(9):1049-1054.
[7] Gao Y.Relationships between the dust concentrtions over eastern Asia and the remote North Pacific[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97:9867-9872.
[8] Xuan J,Sokolik I N.Characterization of sources and emission rates of mineral dust in Northern China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2002,36:4863-4876.
[9] 邱新法,曾燕,缪启龙.我国沙尘暴的时空分布规律及其源地和移动路径[J].地理学报,2001,56(3):316-322.
[10] 宋阳,刘连友,严平,等.中国北方5种下点面对沙尘暴的影响研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(6):15-19.
[11] 杨艳,王杰,田明中,等.中国沙尘暴的分布规律及研究方法分析[J].中国沙漠,2012,32(2):465-472.
[12] Sun L,Zhou X,Lu J,et al.Climatology,trend analysis and prediction of sandstorms and their associated dustfall in China[J].Water,Air,& Soil Pollution:Focus,2003,3(2):41-50.
[13] Wang X,Dong Z,Zhang J,et al.Modern dust storms in China:an overview[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2004,58(4):559-574.
[14] Wang X,Dong Z,Yan P,et al.Surface sample collection and dust source analysis in northwestern China[J].Catena,2005,59(1):35-53.
[15] Ta W,Xiao H,Qu J,et al.Measurements of dust deposition in Gansu Province,China,1986-2000[J].Geomorphology,2004,57(1/2):41-51.
[16] 赵丹丹.塔里木盆地降尘的时空变化及与风蚀关系的研究[D]:乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2005.
[17] 高君亮,辛智鸣,刘芳,等.乌兰布和沙漠东北部大气降尘特征及影响因素分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(8):145-150.
[18] 孙家欢,王涛,薛娴,等.降尘对中国北方主要城市光伏电站发电量的影响[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(4):932-942.
[19] Hassan A,Rahoma U,Elminir H,et al.Effect of airborne dust concentration on the performance of PV modules[J].Journal ofthe Astronomical Society of Egypt,2005,13(1):24-38.
[20] Said S A M.Effects of dust accumulation on performances of thermal and photovoltaic flat-plate collectors[J].Applied Energy,1990,37(1):73-84.
[21] Nahar N M,Gupta J P.Effect of dust on transmittance of glazing materials for solar collectors under arid zone conditions of India[J].Solar & wind technology,1990,7(2/3):237-243.
[22] Zorrilla-Casanova J,Piliougine M,Carretero J,et al.Losses produced by soiling in the incoming radiation to photovoltaic modules[J].Progress in Photovoltaics:Research and Applications,2012,21(4):790-796.
[23] Ibrahim M,Zinsser B,El-Sherif H,et al.Advanced photovoltaic test park in Egypt for investigating the performance of different module and cell technologies[C]//Proceedings of the 24th Symposium Photovoltaic Solar Energy.Staffelstien,Germany,2009.
[24] Ibrahim A.Effect of shadow and dust on the performance of silicon solar cell[J].Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research,2011,1(3):222-230.
[25] Sayigh A.Effect of dust on flat plate collectors[C]//Mankind's Future Source of Energy:Proceedings of the International Solar Energy Congress,Vol.2.New Delhi,India:Pergamon Press,1978:960-964.
[26] Kimber A.The effect of soiling on photovoltaic systems located in arid climates[C]//Proceedings 22nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,2007.
[27] Massi Pavan A,Mellit A,De Pieri D.The effect of soiling on energy production for large-scale photovoltaic plants[J].Solar Energy,2011,85(5):1128-1136.
[28] 陈东兵,李达新,时剑,等.光伏组件表面积尘及立杆阴影对电站发电功率影响的测试分析[J].太阳能,2011(9):39-41.
[29] 王锋,张永强,才深.西安城区灰尘对分布式光伏电站输出功率的影响分析[J].太阳能,2013(13):38-40.
[30] Kalogirou S A,Agathokleous R,Panayiotou G.On-site PV characterization and the effect of soiling on their performance[J].Energy,2013,51:439-446.
[31] Schill C,Brachmann S,Koehl M.Impact of soiling on IV-curves and efficiency of PV-modules[J].Solar Energy,2015,112:259-262.
[32] 居发礼.积灰对光伏发电工程的影响研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.
[33] Kazmerski,L L,Diniz A S A,Maia C B,et al.Fundamental studies of adhesion of dust to PV module surfaces:chemical and physical relationships at the microscale[J].IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics,2016,6(3):719-729.
[34] El-Shobokshy M S,Hussein F M.Effect of dust with different physical properties on the performance of photovoltaic cells[J].Solar Energy,1993,51(6):505-511.
[35] Elminir H K,Ghitas A E,Hamid R H,et al.Effect of dust on the transparent cover of solar collectors[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2006,47(18/19):3192-3203.
[36] 高德东,孟广双,王珊,等.荒漠地区电池板表面灰尘特性分析[J].可再生能源,2015,33(11):1597-1602.
[37] Said S A M,Walwil H M.Fundamental studies on dust fouling effects on PV module performance[J].Solar Energy,2014,107:328-337.
[38] Appels R,Lefevre B,Herteleer B,et al.Effect of soiling on photovoltaic modules[J].Solar Energy,2013,96:283-291.
[39] Tanesab J,Parlevliet D,Whale J,et al.The contribution of dust to performance degradation of PV modules in a temperate climate zone[J].Solar Energy,2015,120:147-157.
[40] Al-Hasan A Y,Ghoneim A A.A new correlation between photovoltaic panel's efficiency and amount of sand dust accumulated on their surface[J].International Journal of Sustainable Energy,2005,24(4):187-197.
[41] Beattie N S,Moir R S,Chacko C,et al.Understanding the effects of sand and dust accumulation on photovoltaic modules[J].Renewable Energy,2012,48:448-452.
[42] Hassan Q.Effect of Accumulated Dust on the Performance of Hotovoltaic Modules[D].Loughborough,UK:Loughborough University,2013.
[43] Jiang H,Lu L,Sun K.Experimental investigation of the impact of airborne dust deposition on the performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) modules[J].Atmospheric Environment,2011,45(25):4299-4304.
[44] Piliougine M,Ca ete C,Moreno R,et al.Comparative analysis of energy produced by photovoltaic modules with anti-soiling coated surface in arid climates[J].Applied Energy,2013,112(4):626-634.
[45] Ndiaye A,Kébé C M F,Ndiaye P A,et al.Impact of dust on the photovoltaic (PV) modules characteristics after an exposition year in Sahelian environment:the case of Senegal[J].International Journal of Physical Sciences,2013,8(21):1166-1173.
[46] 王赞红.大气降尘监测研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2003,17(1):54-59.
[47] Kumar E S,Sarkar B.Soiling and dust impact on the efficiency and the maximum power point in the photovoltaic modules[J].International Journal of Engineering,2013,2(2):1-8.
[48] 肖洪浪,张继贤.腾格里沙漠东南缘降尘粒度特征和沉积速率[J].中国沙漠,1997,17(2):127-132.
[49] Wang X,Dong Z,Ping Y,et al.Surface sample collection and dust source analysis in northwestern China[J].Catena,2005,59(1):35-53.
[50] 张风,白建波,郝玉哲,等.光伏组件表面积灰对其发电性能的影响[J].电网与清洁能源,2012,28(10):82-86.
[51] Ali H,Zafar M,Bashir M,et al.Effect of dust deposition on the performance of photovoltaic modules in Taxila,Pakistan[J].Thermal Science,2015,46:1-11.
[52] Zorrilla-Casanova J,Piliougine M,Carretero J,et al.Losses produced by soiling in the incoming radiation to photovoltaic modules[J].Progress in Photovoltaics:Research and Applications,2012,21(4):790-796.
[53] Naeem M H.Soiling of Photovoltaic Modules:Modelling and Validation of Location-specific Cleaning Frequency Optimization[D].Tempe,USA:Arizona State University,2014.
[54] Hammond R,Srinivasan D,Harris A,et al.Effects of soiling on PV module and radiometer performance[C]//Conference Record of the Twenty-Sixth IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference.1997:1121-1124.
[55] Appels R,Muthirayan B,Beerten A,et al.The effect of dust deposition on photovoltaic modules[C]//Proceedings of IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference.2012:1886-1889.
[56] Hinds W C.Aerosol technology:properties,behavior,and measurement of airborne particles[M].New York,USA:Wiley,1999.
[57] 陈菊芳,沈辉,李军勇,等.广州地区空气洁净度对光伏电站的影响[J].太阳能学报,2011,32(4):481-485.
[58] Kaldellis J K,Kokala A.Quantifying the decrease of the photovoltaic panels' energy yield due to phenomena of natural air pollution disposal[J].Energy,2010,35(12):4862-4869.
[59] 黄湘,葛文刚,禹超.太阳能光伏电站设计影响因素分析[J].华电技术,2013(2):79-82.
[60] Sayyah A,Horenstein M N,Mazumder M K.Energy yield loss caused by dust deposition on photovoltaic panels[J].Solar Energy,2014,107:576-604.
[61] Brown K,Narum T,Naiyong J.Soiling test methods and their use in predicting performance of photovoltaic modules in soiling environments[C]//Conference Record of 38th IEEEPhotovoltaic Specialists Conference.2012:1881-1885.
[62] Hegazy A.Effect of dust accumulation on solar transmittance through glass covers of plate-type collectors[J].Renewable Energy,2001,22(4):525-540.
[63] Cano J.Photovoltaic Modules:Effect of Tilt Angle on Soiling[D].Tempe,USA:Arizona State University,2011.
[64] Jia Y H,Kumar L V,Danner A J,et al.The effect of dust on transmission and self-cleaning property of solar panels[J].Energy Procedia,2012,15(1):421-427.