生态水文视角下的旱区生物土壤结皮-维管植物共存模式

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00147

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

维管植物在旱区生态系统占据主导地位而被广泛关注，旱区生态系统的另一独特生物组分——生物土壤结皮，提供了一系列生态功能与服务，但受到的关注较少。以往的研究常单独探讨维管植物或生物土壤结皮在旱区生态系统中的作用与影响，忽视了二者共存问题，对其共存机制的研究更匮乏。鉴于水分是旱区生态系统的关键限制因素，研究生态水文过程影响生物土壤结皮与维管植物的共存具有重要意义。本文首先综述了旱区生态系统中生物土壤结皮与维管植物的共存模式，接着探讨了主要生态水文过程（降水、径流、入渗等）对共存模式的影响，最终阐明了共存模式的生态水文机制，为旱区植被恢复与荒漠化防治提供了理论支撑。

关键词: 生物土壤结皮, 共存模式, 降水, 土壤水分, 旱区

Abstract:

Vascular plants occupy a dominant position in dryland ecosystems. However， another unique biological component of dryland ecosystems， biocrusts， which play a key role in providing a variety of ecological functions and services and are regarded as the self-organizing principle of dryland ecosystems， has received relatively little attention. Previous studies have tended to examine the roles and impacts of vascular plants or biocrusts in dryland ecosystems separately， thereby neglecting the issue of coexistence and failing to fully understand the mechanisms behind their coexistence. Given that water is a key limiting factor in dryland ecosystems， studying the impact of ecohydrological processes on the coexistence of biocrusts and vascular plants is crucial. In this paper， we first reviewed the coexistence patterns of biocrusts and vascular plants in dryland ecosystems. Then， we explored the effects of major ecohydrological processes （e.g.， precipitation， runoff， and infiltration） on these coexistence patterns. Finally， we clarified the ecohydrological mechanisms behind them， providing theoretical support for vegetation restoration and desertification control in drylands.

Key words: biocrusts, coexistence patterns, precipitation, soil moisture, drylands

中图分类号:

Q945

马亚丽, 马莉, 杨丽萍, 王思晴, 赵长明, 陈宁. 生态水文视角下的旱区生物土壤结皮-维管植物共存模式[J]. 中国沙漠, 2025, 45(3): 121-130.

Yali Ma, Li Ma, Liping Yang, Siqing Wang, Changming Zhao, Ning Chen. Coexistence patterns of biocrusts and vascular plants in drylands from the perspective of ecohydrology[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(3): 121-130.

图/表 3

图1 利用Citespace共现分析旱区生物土壤结皮-维管植物共存的生态水文机制研究的作者（A）、国家（B）、关键词（C）（1993—2023年）

Fig.1 Authors （A），countries （B），and keywords （C） of studying the ecohydrological mechanisms of biocrust-vascular plant coexistence in drylands using Citespace co-occurrence analysis （1993-2023）

图2 旱区生物土壤结皮-维管植物共存研究涉及方法的一般步骤

Fig.2 General procedures of the methodology involved in studying the coexistence of biocrust-vascular plant in drylands

图3 旱区生态系统生态水文过程驱动下的生物土壤结皮-维管植物共存示意图

Fig.3 Illustration of biocrust-vascular plant coexistence under the effects of ecohydrological processes in dryland ecosystems

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