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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 210-221.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00087

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宁夏森林生态系统植物多样性及群落稳定性

张卫红1(), 马娟1, 赵睿智1, 周伟1, 赵心怡1, 潘颜霞2()   

  1. 1.宁夏回族自治区生态环境监测中心,宁夏 银川 750002
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙坡头沙漠研究试验站/干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-21 修回日期:2025-04-24 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 潘颜霞
  • 作者简介:张卫红(1975—),女,宁夏中卫人,正高级工程师,主要从事生态监测与治理研究。E-mail: zwh371@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32471969);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2023BEG02039)

Plant diversity and community stability in forest ecosystems of Ningxia, China

Weihong Zhang1(), Juan Ma1, Ruizhi Zhao1, Wei Zhou1, Xinyi Zhao1, Yanxia Pan2()   

  1. 1.Ningxia Environmental Monitoring Center,Yinchuan 750002,China
    2.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station / National Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2025-02-21 Revised:2025-04-24 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-30
  • Contact: Yanxia Pan

摘要:

基于宁夏回族自治区10个森林生态系统样地的调查数据,系统分析了该地区森林生态系统的植物多样性及群落稳定性。研究共记录到202种植物,分布于54科124属,其中乔木层23种,灌木层31种,草本层148种。通过计算Sprenson相似性系数、重要值指数、多样性指数,以及运用Godron稳定性测定方法,评估了不同森林群落的物种组成差异性、物种重要性、多样性水平和稳定性特征。结果表明:宁夏森林群落的物种丰富度和多样性指数在不同样地间存在显著差异,丰富度指数最低为5,最高为72;多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener指数)最高为3.42,最低为1.33。群落稳定性分析显示,青海云杉群落的稳定性指数(Godron稳定性测定)为最高,接近稳定点(20,80),而华北落叶松群落的稳定性指数最低,偏离稳定点较远;群落物种多样性与稳定性显著正相关。

关键词: 宁夏, 森林生态系统, 植物多样性, 群落稳定性, 生态管理

Abstract:

This study systematically analyzed the plant diversity and community stability of forest ecosystems in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region based on survey data from 10 forest ecosystem plots. A total of 202 plant species were recorded, belonging to 54 families and 124 genera, including 23 species in the arboreal layer, 31 species in the shrub layer, and 148 species in the herbaceous layer. By calculating the Sprenson similarity coefficient, importance value index, diversity index, and applying the Godron stability measurement method, the species composition differences, species importance, diversity levels, and stability characteristics of different forest communities were assessed. The study found significant differences in species richness and diversity indices among forest communities in Ningxia, with the richness index ranging from a minimum of 5 to a maximum of 72, and the diversity index (Shannon-Wiener index) ranging from a minimum of 1.33 to a maximum of 3.42. The community stability analysis revealed that the Picea crassifolia community had the highest stability index (Godron stability measurement), closely approaching the stability point (20, 80), while the Larix principis-rupprechtii community had the lowest stability index, deviating significantly from the stability point. A significant positive correlation was found between species diversity and community stability. The results of this study provide scientific guidance and decision-making support for the management of forest ecosystems in Ningxia and similar arid regions, emphasizing the importance of protecting biodiversity and maintaining ecosystem stability.

Key words: Ningxia, forest ecosystem, plant diversity, community stability, ecological management

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