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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 200-210.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00093

• • 上一篇    

凋落物去除对沙质草地表层土壤碳组分的影响

苏万红1(), 詹瑾2(), 李亚2, 纪永福2, 李玉霖3, 丛安琪3, 张雯2, 付贵全2, 王曰军4   

  1. 1.景泰治沙试验站,甘肃 景泰 730499
    2.甘肃省治沙研究所 甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃 兰州 730070
    3.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    4.内蒙古巴丹吉林自然保护区塔木素工作站,内蒙古 阿拉善右旗 737300
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-11 修回日期:2025-07-08 出版日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-08-18
  • 通讯作者: 詹瑾
  • 作者简介:苏万红(1970—),男,甘肃景泰人,工程师,主要从事干旱区恢复生态学研究。E-mail: 1250626183@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央财政林业改革发展资金野生动植物保护项目(甘林动函〔2022〕564号);内蒙古自治区防沙治沙科技创新重大示范工程“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JBGS0005);甘肃省重点研发项目(23YFFA0025);中央林业草原生态保护恢复资金项目(甘林动发〔2025〕35号);中央引导地方发展专项(24ZYQA052)

Effects of litter removal on top soil carbon components in the sandy grassland

Wanhong Su1(), Jin Zhan2(), Ya Li2, Yongfu Ji2, Yulin Li3, Anqi Cong3, Wen Zhang2, Guiquan Fu2, Yuejun Wang4   

  1. 1.Jingtai Sand Control Experimental Station,Jingtai 730499,Gansu,China
    2.Gansu Minqin National Field Observation & Research Station on Ecosystem of Desert Grassland,Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,China
    3.Naiman Desertification Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    4.Tamusu Work Station of Badain Jilin Nature Reserve,Alxa Right Banner 737300,Inner Mongolia,China
  • Received:2025-05-11 Revised:2025-07-08 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-08-18
  • Contact: Jin Zhan

摘要:

地上凋落物和地下根系输入是土壤碳库的重要植物来源,探讨地上凋落物和地下根系去除对沙质草地表层土壤碳组分的影响,有利于深入理解该生态系统土壤碳库的积累机制。本研究依托科尔沁沙地西南部国家野外科学观测研究站建立的长期凋落物去除实验(对照、地上凋落物去除、地下根系去除、地上凋落物和地下根系同时去除),比较凋落物去除处理对沙质草地表层土壤碳组分的影响,并分析了土壤碳库活度变化的驱动因素。结果显示:(1)地上凋落物和地下根系同时去除显著增加了土壤容重(P<0.05),使土壤全碳、活性碳含量分别显著降低了23.78%、23.49%(P<0.05);与地上凋落物去除相比,该处理显著降低了土壤活性碳含量(P<0.05);(2)地上凋落物去除使土壤微生物生物量碳含量从0.032 g·kg-1显著降低至0.016 g·kg-1P<0.05);(3)地下根系去除使土壤碳库活度从0.46显著降低至0.30(P<0.05);(4)Pearson相关性分析表明土壤碳组分与土壤容重、含水量、电导率、pH存在显著相关性。结构方程模型分析结果显示,土壤容重、含水量、电导率、pH和土壤碳组分共同解释了土壤碳库活度变化的92%,土壤理化性质可通过影响土壤碳组分来调控土壤碳库活度。

关键词: 土壤碳组分, 地上凋落物去除, 地下根系去除, 沙质草地

Abstract:

Aboveground litter and underground roots serve as critical plant-derived inputs to the soil carbon pool. Investigating the effects of litter and root removal on surface soil carbon components in semi-arid sandy grasslands is essential for understanding soil carbon accumulation mechanisms in this ecosystem. This study utilized a long-term litter removal experiment (including control, aboveground litter removal, underground root removal, and combined removal treatments) established at the National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station in southwestern Horqin Sandy Land. We compared the impacts of aboveground litter and underground root removal on surface soil carbon components and analyzed the regulating factors of soil carbon pool activity. Key findings include: (1) Combined removal significantly increased soil bulk density (P<0.05) while reducing soil total carbon (by 23.78%) and labile organic carbon (by 23.49%,P<0.05). Compared to aboveground litter removal alone, combined removal induced significantly greater reductions in labile organic carbon (P<0.05); (2) Aboveground litter removal decreased microbial biomass carbon from 0.032 g·kg-1 to 0.016 g·kg-1P<0.05), representing a 50% reduction; (3) Underground root removal reduced soil carbon pool activity from 0.46 to 0.30 (P<0.05); (4) Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant associations between soil carbon components and soil bulk density, water content, electrical conductivity, and pH. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that soil properties and carbon components jointly explained 92% of the variation in carbon pool activity. Physicochemical parameters indirectly regulated activity through their mediation of carbon components. Specifically, soil bulk density regulated carbon pool activity by significantly and negatively affecting total carbon (λ=-0.64) and labile organic carbon (λ=-0.37). Electrical conductivity affected carbon pool activity by significantly and positively influencing labile organic carbon (λ=0.37). Soil pH regulated carbon pool activity by significantly and negatively affecting recalcitrant organic carbon (λ=-0.40).

Key words: soil carbon components, aboveground litter removal, underground root removal, sandy grassland

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