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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 124-133.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00065

• • 上一篇    

20002022年库布齐沙漠植被覆盖度时空变化及其驱动因子

姜志伟1(), 杨智博2(), 杨清3, 胡洁1, 刘茜雅4, 于玲玲2, 张红红2, 淡照晶2, 田磊2   

  1. 1.内蒙古农业大学 沙漠治理学院/内蒙古风沙物理与防沙治沙工程重点实验室/内蒙古杭锦荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
    2.蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010030
    3.乌海市公用事业发展中心,内蒙古 乌海 016000
    4.水利部牧区水利科学研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010030
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-11 修回日期:2025-05-13 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-27
  • 作者简介:姜志伟(1981—),男,内蒙古赤峰人,博士,高级工程师,主要从事定量遥感、多源数据融合、陆地生态过程模拟研究。E-mail:zhiweijiang@imau.edu.cn
    杨智博(1997—),男,内蒙古乌海人,硕士,研究方向为荒漠化防治。E-mail:1119203120@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(42161054);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0081);荒漠化防治与沙区资源保护利用创新团队项目(BR241301);沙漠沙地生态保护与治理技术创新团队(NMGIRT2408)

Temporal and spatial variation of vegetation cover in Kubuqi Desert from 2000 to 2022 and its driving factors

Zhiwei Jiang1(), Zhibo Yang2(), Qing Yang3, Jie Hu1, Qianya Liu4, Lingling Yu2, Honghong Zhang2, Zhaojing Dan2, Lei Tian2   

  1. 1.Desert Control College / Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Physical Processes and Sand Control Engineering / National Positioning Observation Research Station for the Hangjin Desert Ecosystem,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China
    2.Mengcao Ecological Environment (Group) Co. ,Ltd. ,Hohhot 010030,China
    3.Wuhai Public Utilities Development Center,Wuhai 016000,Inner Mongolia,China
    4.Institute of Pastoral Water Resources Science,Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010030,China
  • Received:2025-02-11 Revised:2025-05-13 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-27

摘要:

作为大气圈、土壤圈、水圈与生物圈之间的重要连接纽带,植被变化特征及驱动因素的分析对于理解区域生态系统的动态变化具有重要意义。基于MOD13Q1 NDVI长时间序列遥感监测数据,结合自然影响因子(高程、土壤类型、降水量、气温、风速、蒸散发量)和社会经济因子(土地利用类型、人口、GDP)等数据,采用像元二分模型、趋势分析、地理探测器等方法,对库布齐沙漠近22年的植被覆盖度特征变化及其驱动影响因子进行了深入探讨。结果表明:2000—2022年,植被覆盖度呈现出上升趋势,植被覆盖度平均值年增长速率为0.387%,相关性R²≈0.832。在季节分布上,植被覆盖度在6—8月达到峰值,而在11、12月及次年1月则降至最低。超过73.62%的区域植被覆盖度得到了改善。具体而言,核心沙漠区域的植被覆盖度由极低等级逐步转变为低等级,西南部地区的植被覆盖度由极低和低等级转变为中等级和高等级,而东南区域的植被覆盖度则广泛转化为极高等级。单因子探测结果表明,土地利用类型(0.493)、降水量(0.461)、人口(0.443)是影响研究区植被覆盖度变化的主要单一因素。在多因子交互作用下,降水量(0.461)与高程(0.192)的交互作用对植被覆盖度变化的影响力最为显著,q值达到0.731。

关键词: 库布齐沙漠, 植被覆盖度, 时空变化, 地理探测器

Abstract:

Vegetation constitutes a critical nexus among the atmosphere, soil, water, and biosphere. Investigating its spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanisms is critical for understanding ecosystem evolution. This study leverages 22-year MOD13Q1 NDVI remote sensing data (2000-2022) and integrates natural factors (digital elevation models, soil types, precipitation, temperature, evapotranspiration) and socioeconomic parameters (land use types, population, GDP). Analytical techniques including pixel binning models, trend analysis, and geographic detectors were applied to systematically evaluate vegetation coverage patterns and their drivers in the Kubuqi Desert. Results demonstrate a sustained upward trend in vegetation coverage, with an annual growth rate of 0.387% (R²≈0.832). Seasonal variations reveal peak coverage during June-August and minimal levels in November-January. Notably, 73.62% of the study area exhibited vegetation improvement: the desert core transitioned from extremely low to low coverage grades, the southwest shifted from low-medium to medium-high grades, and the southeast achieved widespread high-grade coverage. Single-factor analysis identified land use types (0.493), precipitation (0.461), and population density (0.443) as dominant individual drivers. Multi-factor interaction detection highlights precipitation-elevation synergy (interaction q=0.731) as the most significant combined influence on vegetation dynamics.

Key words: Kubuqi Desert, vegetation coverage, temporal and spatial variation, geographical detector

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