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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 41-53.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00152

• • 上一篇    下一篇

汾河流域生态系统服务供需匹配特征与分区管控

宋洁1(), 张龙飞1, 宋文凯1, 陈培森1, 何雨函1, 梁雯2   

  1. 1.太原师范学院 地理科学学院/汾河流域地表过程与资源生态安全山西省重点实验,山西 晋中 030619
    2.运城市生态环境局,山西 运城 044000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-13 修回日期:2025-10-15 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-11
  • 作者简介:宋洁(1986—),女,山西太原人,副教授,主要从事区域生态环境管理与碳减排研究。E-mail: songjie@tynu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山西省基础研究计划项目(202403021212107);山西省哲学社会科学规划课题(2024QN125)

Supply-demand matching of ecosystem services and zoning control in the Fenhe River BasinChina

Jie Song1(), Longfei Zhang1, Wenkai Song1, Peisen Chen1, Yuhan He1, Wen Liang2   

  1. 1.School of Geographical Science / Shanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Security in Fenhe River Basin,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxi,China
    2.Yuncheng Environmental Protection Bureau,Yuncheng 044000,Shanxi,China
  • Received:2025-08-13 Revised:2025-10-15 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-11

摘要:

厘清流域生态系统服务供需关系及匹配特征是实现差异化生态管控的基础。本文量化2000—2020年汾河流域6种典型生态系统服务供需格局,采用自组织映射神经网络以供需比为基础识别乡镇尺度供需簇,结合簇的空间分布和供需结构特点等提出生态分区管控策略。结果表明:(1)2000—2020年,产水、固碳、土壤保持、水质净化和生境质量的供给格局呈现东西高、中间低的特点,而粮食生产服务供给格局相反。产水、固碳、粮食生产、水质净化和生境质量的高需求区集中在太原城区及中下游人口密集的区域,而土壤保持需求格局则相反。(2)流域内供需空间错配严重,上游的管涔山、中下游的吕梁山和太行山是区内集中的供需盈余区。中下游盆地区水质净化和生境质量服务的赤字区显著增加,山区产水、固碳和粮食生产服务大量高盈余区转为低盈余区。(3)流域内有综合生态系统服务供需强错配簇(B1)、综合生态系统服务供需弱错配簇(B2)、水质净化-生境质量服务错配簇(B3)和综合生态系统服务供需匹配簇(B4)。总体而言,生态系统服务供需错配区趋于集中,且中心城区错配程度最高。簇类之间的转化主要体现在B2向B1和B3,B3向B4的转变,空间上太原主城区周边错配区扩张显著且错配强度增强。

关键词: 生态系统服务, 供需匹配, 供需簇, 汾河流域, 生态管控策略

Abstract:

To implement effective, tailored ecological management within a watershed, it is essential to first understand how the supply of ecosystem services matches the demand for those services, as well as the spatial variations and characteristics of this relationship. This article quantifies the supply and demand patterns of six typical ecosystem services in the Fenhe River Basin from 2000 to 2020. Based on the supply-demand ratio, SOM is used to identify the supply-demand bundles of ecosystem services. Combined with the spatial distribution and supply-demand structure characteristics of the bundles, ecological zoning control strategies are proposed. The results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, ecosystem services for water production, carbon sequestration, soil conservation, water purification, and habitat quality were higher in the east and west regions but lower in the middle, whereas the supply of food production services showed the opposite pattern. The high-demand areas for water production, carbon sequestration, food production, water purification, and habitat quality are concentrated in the urban area of Taiyuan and the midstream and downstream areas, particularly where population density is high; in contrast, soil conservation is in greater demand in other, less densely populated areas. (2) There is a serious spatial mismatch between supply and demand in the Fenhe River Basin; upstream areas (including Guancen Mountain) often show surpluses, whereas midstream and downstream areas (including Lvliang Mountain and Taihang Mountain) face deficits. The deficit of water purification and habitat quality services has considerably increased in the midstream and downstream areas, and in mountainous ecosystems, many high-surplus areas for water production, carbon sequestration, and food production services have declined. (3) There are a strong mismatch between the supply and demand bundles of comprehensive ecosystem services (B1), a weak mismatch between the supply and demand bundles of comprehensive ecosystem services (B2), mismatch bundles of water purification and habitat quality services (B3), and matching supply-demand bundles of comprehensive ecosystem services (B4) in the Fenhe River Basin. Overall, the mismatch between supply and demand of ecosystem services tends to be concentrated in central urban areas. The transformation between clusters is mainly reflected in the transition from B2 to B1 and B3, and from B3 to B4. Substantial expansion of the mismatch occurred around the main urban area of Taiyuan.

Key words: ecosystem services, supply-demand matching, supply-demand bundles, Fenhe River Basin, ecological management strategy

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