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中国沙漠 ›› 2006, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 142-145.

• 实验研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱胁迫对甘草光合特性与生物量分配的影响

刘长利1,2， 王文全2， 崔俊茹 3, 李帅英4   

  1. 1.首都医科大学 中医药学院， 北京 100069； 2.北京中医药大学 中药学院, 北京 100102； 3.北方国家级林木种苗示范基地， 北京 102211; 4.河北农业大学 林学院， 河北 保定 071000
  • 收稿日期:2004-06-18 修回日期:2004-08-20 出版日期:2006-01-20 发布日期:2006-01-20

Effects of Drought Stress on Photosynthesis Characteristics and Biomass Allocation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis

LIU Chang-li1,2， WANG Wen-quan2， CUI Jun-ru3， LI Shuai-ying4   

  1. 1.Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100069, China; 2.Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China； 3.North National Forest Plantlet Exemplary Base，Beijing 102211， China; 4.Forestry College, Agricultural University of Hebei，Baoding 071000, China
  • Received:2004-06-18 Revised:2004-08-20 Online:2006-01-20 Published:2006-01-20

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摘要： 为了探讨干旱胁迫对甘草光合特性与生物量分配的影响，采用土壤干旱胁迫处理盆栽2 a生甘草实生苗，测定胁迫30 d的甘草叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度等生理指标和胁迫60 d的地上地下各器官生物量。结果显示，在土壤相对含水量为50％的轻度干旱胁迫下，甘草叶片光合生理指标与根生物量变化不显著，在土壤相对含水量为35％的严重干旱胁迫下，甘草叶片净光合速率与蒸腾速率显著下降，胞间CO2浓度显著升高，气孔导度显著降低，各器官生物量显著下降。但随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧，甘草水分利用效率与气孔限制值能够保持相对的稳定，生物量分配更多地流向地下器官，地上器官生物量分配明显变少，根冠比增大。研究表明，甘草的光合特性与生物量分配格局对于干旱环境具有很强的适应能力，引起甘草叶片光合速率下降的主要原因是非气孔因素。另外，在土壤相对含水量35％以上的干旱胁迫下，不但不会影响人工种植药材的产量，而且可能会促进甘草酸在根中的合成积累，提高药材质量。

关键词: 甘草, 干旱胁迫, 光合特性, 非气孔限制, 生物量分配

Abstract: To explore the influence of drought stress on photosynthesis characteristics and biomass allocation, net photosynthetic rate，transpiration rate，stomatal conductance，intercellular CO2 concentration, the biological yield of 2-year Glycyrrhiza uralensis were measured after 30d and 60d drought stress respectively. The results indicate that drought stress of 50% water level did not make obvious difference in the photosynthesis index and the biological yield; but net photosynthetic rate，transpiration rate，stomatal conductance，the biological yield decrease dramatically and intercellular CO2 concentration increased strongly when the seedling were treated with 35% water level. With the decreasing of soil water level, the efficiency of water use efficiency and stomatal limitation value kept stable, but the root and the rhizome grew more than the aboveground part. It is concluded that the photosynthesis characteristics and the biological yield allocation of Glycyrrhiza uralensis are strongly adaptive to the drought environment and the decrease of photosynthesis rate is caused by no-climatic factors, in addition, the drought stress of more than 35% water level can not affect the yield of Radix Glycyrrhizae, but promote the accumulation of glycyrrhizic acid and improve the quality of Radix Glycyrrhizae.

Key words: Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch．, drought stress, photosynthetic characteristics, non-stoma limitation, biomass allocation

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