毛乌素沙地油蒿群落演替的生理生态学机制

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对毛乌素沙地稀疏阶段、建成阶段和衰老阶段的油蒿群落的野外观测实验结果表明，不同演替阶段的油蒿群落对环境的适应性和生理生态特性表现出明显的差异。随群落盖度的增加，0—20 cm土层中土壤含水量明显增加，而在20—80 cm范围内有所下降。与稀疏阶段和建成阶段的油蒿群落相比，衰老阶段的油蒿群落的平均净光合速率低，光饱合点低，光能及水分利用效率最低，并且日变化过程也表现出受到了明显环境胁迫。在不同的演替阶段，油蒿的气孔导度与植物水势均呈线性相关。随植物水势的降低，处于衰老阶段的油蒿气孔导度降低速率最快。结合气孔导度和水分循环的关系，还初步探讨了毛乌素沙地油蒿群落演替的主要驱动因子。

关键词: 油蒿, 植被演替, 光合作用, 水分代谢, 气孔导度

Abstract: As a common species in semi-arid sandland, Artemisia ordosia constitutes the dominant community in Mu Us sandy grassland. It is necessary to clarify the ecophysiological mechanism of community succession for the vegetation reconstruction in semi-arid region. Field observation and experiment showed significant differences in adaptive capacity to the environment and other ecophysiological characteristics of three succession stages of Artemisia ordosia community, i.e., the open stage, blooming stage, and fading stage. Accompanying with the increasing community coverage, the soil water content increased at 0\_20 cm depth while decreased at 20\_80 cm depth. Lower net photosynthesis rate, light saturation point, and light energy and water utilization rate thus happened for Artemisia ordosia in fading stage than in open and blooming stages. It was also shown that the stomatal conductivity of Artemisia ordosia was linearly dependent on the leaf water potential in each of the three stages, with the highest slop in the fading stage. Based on the relations between stomatal conductivity and water circulation, the main driving factors of the succession was also discussed in the paper.

Key words: Artemisia ordosica, succession, Photosynthesis, Moisture metabolize, Stomatal Conductivity

张军;黄永梅;焦会景;夏显东. 毛乌素沙地油蒿群落演替的生理生态学机制[J]. 中国沙漠, 2007, 27(6): 977-983.

ZHANG Jun;HUANG Yong-mei;JIAO Hui-jing;XIA Xian-dong. Ecophysiological Characteristics of Artemisia ordosica Community Succession in Mu Us Sandy Grassland[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2007, 27(6): 977-983.

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