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中国沙漠 ›› 2013, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 16-23.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2013.00003

• 沙漠与沙漠化 • 上一篇    下一篇

若尔盖盆地沙漠化及其景观格局变化研究

胡光印1, 董治宝1, 逯军峰1, 尚 燚2, 颜长珍1   

  1. 1.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2.玛曲县草原监理站, 甘肃 玛曲 747300
  • 收稿日期:2012-05-17 修回日期:2012-07-23 出版日期:2013-01-20 发布日期:2013-01-20

Aeolian Desertification and Its Landscape Pattern Change in the Zoige Basin, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during 1975-2005

HU Guang-yin1, DONG Zhi-bao1, LU Jun-feng1, SHANG Yi2, YAN Chang-zhen1   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2.Grassland Supervision Station of Maqu County, Maqu 747300, Gansu, China
  • Received:2012-05-17 Revised:2012-07-23 Online:2013-01-20 Published:2013-01-20

摘要:

应用1975年的MSS数据、1990年和2005年的TM数据、以及2000年的ETM数据,通过遥感与地理信息系统技术,获得了若尔盖盆地在1975—2005年间的沙漠化发展特征,并采用景观指数运算软件FRAGSTATS3.3对该地区沙漠化土地的景观格局变化进行了分析。研究发现,在1975—1990年间,若尔盖盆地的沙漠化土地面积大幅增加;在1990—2000年间,沙漠化土地面积保持稳定;在2000—2005年间,沙漠化土地面积出现了小幅度的减小趋势。对若尔盖盆地沙漠化土地的景观格局变化进行研究发现,固定沙丘(地)和半固定沙丘(地)是若尔盖盆地主要的沙漠化土地景观类型。在1975—1990年间,沙漠化土地斑块数量和斑块平均面积均大幅增加,是该地区沙漠化快速发展时期;在1990—2000年间,沙漠化土地斑块数量下降,斑块平均面积增加,沙漠化景观破碎度有所降低;在2000—2005年间,沙漠化土地斑块数量增加,斑块平均面积减小,沙漠化景观破碎度增强。

关键词: 若尔盖盆地, 沙漠化, 景观格局, 青藏高原

Abstract:

The development of aeolian desertification from 1975 to 2005 in the Zoige Basin was identified by using remote sensing data and geographic information system method. Remote sensing data used in this study included Landsat multi-spectral scanner (MSS) images of 1975 with spatial resolution of 80 m, Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) images of 2000 with resolution of 30 m, and Thematic Mapper (TM) images of 1990 and 2005 with resolution of 30 m. Result showed that the aeolian desertification land increased rapidly from 1975 to 1990, and it was stable between 1990 and 2000, and decreased slightly from 2000 to 2005. Furthermore, landscape software Fragstats 3.3 was used to analyze the landscape pattern of aeolian desertification land in the Zoige Basin. It was found that fixed sandy dunes (sandy land) and semi-fixed sandy dunes (sandy land) were the main landscape types of aeolian desertification land. The landscape pattern changed significantly, and both the number and the mean patch size of aeolian desertification land patches increased rapidly from1975 to 1990. The fragmentation degree of aeolian desertification land decreased slightly from 1990 to 2000, but it increased from 2000 to 2005.

Key words: Zoige Basin, aeolian desertification, landscape pattern, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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