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中国沙漠 ›› 2003, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 263-267.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候变化对洮河流域水资源的影响

张济世1,2, 康尔泗1, 姚尽忠1, 陈仁升1, 蓝永超1, 蒲瑞丰1, 王书功1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    2. 甘肃省水文水资源勘测局, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2002-01-28 修回日期:2002-02-07 出版日期:2003-06-20 发布日期:2003-06-20
  • 作者简介:张济世(1963-),男,甘肃通渭人,高级工程师,博士研究生,主要从事干旱区水文水资源及气候变化对西北干旱区生态环境的影响研究。E-mail:zis1963@Yahoo.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-10-03-01和KZCX01-09);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所知识创新项目(CACX210036和CACX210016);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40235053)共同资助

Influence of Climate Change on Water Resources in Taohe River Basin

ZHANG Ji-shi1,2, KANG Er-si1, YAO Jin-zhong1, CHEN Ren-sheng1, LAN Yong-chao1, PU Rui-feng1, WANG Shu-gong1   

  1. 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. Gansu Province Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2002-01-28 Revised:2002-02-07 Online:2003-06-20 Published:2003-06-20

摘要: 过去40多年来,洮河流域主要产流区甘南高原的气候和生态环境发生了显著变化,通过对引洮工程的引水区——流域上游40多年的实测水文气象数据的统计分析发现,降水和径流总体下降趋势非常明显,20世纪80年代至90年代降水径流减少更多,达35%;而气温则呈上升趋势,但上升幅度没有降水径流的下降幅度大。由于气候升温变暖、草原载畜过量以及过度砍伐森林,导致气候干旱化、山区水土流失加剧、草原植被退化和沙漠化,这一切都将对未来引洮工程发挥效益产生不利影响。

关键词: 降水, 径流, 变化趋势, 统计分析, 洮河流域

Abstract: The middle region in Gansu Province is arid and most poverty in China.For solution this problem the China government has been dedicated to plan the Taohe River Water Diversion for Irrigation Project since 1950s.The upper reach of Taohe River is the water-taking region of the Project.But analysis on the past 50 years hydrological and meteorological data in Taohe River basin showed a slowly temperature-rising and precipitation-or runoff-decreasing trend.In the past 50 years the precipitation has decreased 43~67 mm and the temperature has increased 0.8℃.Especially,the precipitation has been decreased by 10.2% and the runoff by 35% from 1980s to 1990s.In the past 50 years the multi-annual average total surface and underground water resources quantity was 47.16×108 m3·a-1 in Taohe River basin.And in 1950s the quantity was 46.25×108 m3·a-1,but in 1990s the quantity was 33.2×108 m3·a-1.The decrease of precipitation,runoff and the increase of temperature had resulted in the climate drought and land desertification.Many wetlands or lakes disappeared in Gannan Grassland of Gansu province.All these will influence the Taohe River Water Diversion for Irrigation Project.It has significance to enhance the study on water resources influenced by climate change and present scientific references to this project design and governmental decision-making.

Key words: precipitation, runoff, changing trend, statistical analysis, Taohe River basin

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