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中国沙漠 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 211-222.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00212

• • 上一篇    

以中型蒸渗仪监测的库布齐沙漠人工林土壤蒸发量

贾晓鹏1(), 马启民2(), 龙银平2, 王海兵3   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.成都信息工程大学 资源环境学院,四川 成都 610225
    3.内蒙古农业大学 沙漠治理学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-01 修回日期:2022-01-11 出版日期:2022-01-20 发布日期:2022-01-28
  • 通讯作者: 马启民
  • 作者简介:马启民(E-mail: mqm@cuit.edu.cn
    贾晓鹏(1982—),男,山东临沂人,副研究员,主要从事陆面生态水文过程研究。E-mail: jiaxp@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    成都信息工程大学人才引进项目(KYTZ202113);科技兴蒙重点专项(KJXM-EEDS-2020006);四川省重点研发计划项目(2020YFS0356)

Soil evaporation monitored with medium-lysimeter in an artificial forest in the Hobq Desert China

Xiaopeng Jia1(), Qimin Ma2(), Yinping Long2, Haibing Wang3   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.College of Resources and Environment,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610225,China
    3.College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China
  • Received:2021-12-01 Revised:2022-01-11 Online:2022-01-20 Published:2022-01-28
  • Contact: Qimin Ma

摘要:

人工造林对库布齐沙漠的生态有重要影响,量化沙地土壤蒸发对开展人工林建设具有重要意义。利用蒸渗仪对库布齐沙漠银肯沙林场的土壤蒸发进行测定,但受外界因素的影响,蒸渗仪观测的数据会有异常值,通过自适应窗口阈值法对观测数据进行处理。再利用气象观测系统获取相关气象数据,分析土壤蒸发与气象因子的关系。结果表明:小时尺度上,蒸渗仪获取的降水与雨量筒获取的降水量之间的决定系数为0.93,平均误差和均方根误差分别为-0.00078、0.11 mm,探测率、击中率及Heidke指数分别为0.75、0.9、0.8;日尺度上,两者的决定系数为0.99,平均误差和均方根误差分别为-0.02、0.66 mm,探测率、击中率及Heidke指数分别为0.94、0.85、0.85。两个时间尺度下,该方法在处理蒸渗仪的异常数据取得了较好的结果。研究时段内林场的土壤蒸发量为93.87 mm,集中在7—9月,最大日蒸发量为16.5 mm;降水为264.88 mm,也集中在7—9月,最大日降水量约35 mm,沙地人工林土壤蒸发占降水的35.4%。沙漠人工植被区影响土壤蒸发的主要气象因子是降水和太阳辐射,风速对土壤蒸发的影响不大。

关键词: 库布齐沙漠, 蒸渗仪, AWAT, 土壤蒸发, 气象因子

Abstract:

Accurately quantifying soil evaporation on sandy land is of great significance for developing of plantation construction for restoring the ecology of the Hobq Desert. In this study, lysimeter was used to measure soil evaporation of an artificial forest in the Yinkensha Forest Farm in the Hobq Desert. However, due to the influence of external factors, the data observed by the lysimeter would have abnormal values. The Adaptive Window and Adaptive Threshold method (AWAT) was used to process the lysimeter data. Meteorological variables were measured synchronously to assess their influences on soil evaporation. The following results were obtained: on an hourly scale, the coefficient of determination between the precipitation captured by the lysimeter and the precipitation obtained by the rain gauge was 0.93, and the average error and the root mean square error were -0.00078 mm and 0.11 mm, respectively. The probability of detection, frequency of hit, and Heidke’s index score were 0.75, 0.9, and 0.8 respectively; On the daily scale, the coefficient of determination, average error and root mean square error were 0.99, -0.02 mm, and 0.66 mm, respectively. The probability of detection, frequency of hit, and Heidke’s index score were 0.94, 0.85, and 0.85, respectively. The above statistics suggest the AWAT method had achieved in processing abnormal data from the lysimeter. During the study period, the soil evaporation of an artificial forest farm was 93.87 mm, mainly concentrated in July-September, with a maximum daily evaporation of 16.5 mm; precipitation was 264.88 mm, also concentrated in July-September, with a maximum daily precipitation of about 35 mm. The soil evaporation of sandy plantations accounted for 35.4% of precipitation. The main meteorological factors affecting soil evaporation in desert artificial vegetation areas were precipitation and solar radiation, and wind speed had little effect on soil evaporation.

Key words: Hobq Desert, lysimeter, AWAT, soil evaporation, meteorological factors

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