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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 212-221.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00134

• • 上一篇    

柴达木盆地西南缘新月形沙丘移动特征及其影响因素

邹桐1(), 杨转玲1,2,3(), 韦锦芝1, 廖应英1, 邢学刚1,2,3, 钱广强4, 梁晓磊5   

  1. 1.贵州师范学院,地理与资源学院,贵州 贵阳 550018
    2.贵州师范学院,贵州省流域地理国情监测重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 550018
    3.贵州师范学院,贵州山地研究院,贵州 贵阳 550018
    4.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    5.太原师范学院 经济与管理学院,山西 晋中 030619
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-08 修回日期:2022-11-01 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 杨转玲
  • 作者简介:杨转玲(E-mail: yangzhuanling@lzb.ac.cn
    邹桐 (2003—),女,贵州思南人,本科生,主要从事自然地理与资源环境研究。E-mail: 2581898921@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般187),贵州师范学院大学生自主研究科研项目(2021DXS035);国家自然科学基金项目(42071016);贵州师范学院科研项目(2021BS015)

Migration and influencing factors of barchan dunes in southwestern Qaidam Basin, China

Tong Zou1(), Zhuanling Yang1,2,3(), Jinzhi Wei1, Yingying Liao1, Xuegang Xing1,2,3, Guangqiang Qian4, Xiaolei Liang5   

  1. 1.School of Geography and Resources /, Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,China
    2.Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed /, Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,China
    3.Institute of Guizhou Mountain, Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,China
    4.Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    5.School of Economics and Management,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxi,China
  • Received:2022-10-08 Revised:2022-11-01 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2023-01-17
  • Contact: Zhuanling Yang

摘要:

柴达木盆地西南缘新月形沙丘连片分布、数量丰富、大小各异、形态多样,是开展沙丘动态演化研究的理想区域。基于2013年和2021年两期高分一号卫星影像和气象资料,分析了柴达木盆地西南缘沙丘区537个新月形沙丘移动、形态和区域风况特征,探讨了沙丘移动的影响因素。结果表明:(1)该区域新月形沙丘移动速率1.43~22.37 m·a-1,平均移动速率7.23 m·a-1,沙丘移动方向109.22°~171.28°,平均移动方向142.86°,整体呈NW-SE方向移动。(2)受低风能环境和西北偏西风的影响,该区域新月形沙丘移动速率相对其他沙漠较慢,移动方向与盛行风向基本一致。(3)受沙丘尺度的影响,该区域新月形沙丘越大,移动越慢,呈幂函数递减的关系。(4)该区域新月形沙丘分布密度、植被状况、地形起伏等在一定程度上影响沙丘移动速率。

关键词: 柴达木盆地, 新月形沙丘, 沙丘移动, 形态参数

Abstract:

The barchan dunes are contiguous, rich in quantity, different in size, and diverse in shapes in the southwest margin of Qaidam Basin, which is an ideal area to carry out a study on the dynamic evolution of dunes. Based on GF-1 satellite images of 2013 and 2021 and meteorological data, this study analyzed the migration and morphology of 537 barchan dunes and regional wind regime in this dune field, and discussed the influencing factors of barchan migration. We found: (1) The annual migration rate of barchan dunes in this region ranges from 1.43 m·a-1 to 22.37 m·a-1, and the average annual value is 7.23 m·a-1. The migration direction of barchan dunes ranges from 109.22° to 171.28°, and the average value is 142.86°, moving from northwest to southeast. (2) Influenced by lower wind energy environment and west-northwest wind, the migration rate of barchan dune in this region is slower than that of other deserts, and the movement direction is basically consistent with the direction of prevailing wind direction. (3) Influenced by dune scale, the barchan dune is large, and its migration speed is slow, showing a decreasing power function. (4) The barchan dune distribution density, vegetation condition and topographic relief can influence the speed of dune migration to a certain extent in this region.

Key words: Qaidam Basin, barchan dunes, dune migration, dune morphological parameter

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