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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 1-9.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00158

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塔克拉玛干沙漠和戈壁沙漠春季沙尘暴特征及其气象影响因素对比

李亚云1,2(), 成巍1, 王宁1, 李欣3, 高睿1   

  1. 1.北京应用气象研究所,北京 100029
    2.地理信息工程国家重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054
    3.乌鲁木齐市第八中学,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-08 修回日期:2022-11-22 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-08-14
  • 作者简介:李亚云(1991─),女,新疆石河子人, 工程师, 主要从事气候变化和大气环境研究。E-mail: 13262266768@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    地理信息工程国家重点实验室自主课题(SKLGIE2021-ZZ-6);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0105)

Comparative study on the characteristic of spring sandstorms and the related meteorological factors of the Taklimakan Desert and Gobi Desert

Yayun Li1,2(), Wei Cheng1, Ning Wang1, Xin Li3, Rui Gao1   

  1. 1.Beijing Institute of Applied Meteorology,Beijing 100029,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering,Xi'an 710054,China
    3.Urumqi No. 8 Middle School,Urumqi 830002,China
  • Received:2022-08-08 Revised:2022-11-22 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-08-14

摘要:

利用2007—2021年多源环境、气象和卫星遥感资料,对比分析塔克拉玛干沙漠和戈壁沙漠春季沙尘暴事件的时空特征,以及导致这种差异的气象影响因子和环流背景。结果表明:(1)塔克拉玛干沙漠沙尘暴频次多于戈壁沙漠,且多发生在塔克拉玛干沙漠中东部,戈壁沙漠则多发生在中国内蒙古西部和蒙古国中南部;(2)东西向地面冷锋系统为塔克拉玛干沙漠沙尘暴的主要影响系统,且500 hPa高度距平场上亚洲东部中高纬度地区总体呈西低东高形势;南北向地面冷锋系统为戈壁沙漠沙尘暴的主要影响系统,且500 hPa高度距平场上亚洲东部低纬到高纬地区上空高度场异常呈“- + -”的分布; (3)塔克拉玛干沙漠春季沙尘暴的发生与当地前冬降水量显著负相关,与地面温度呈显著正相关;戈壁沙漠春季沙尘暴事件的发生与当地前冬降水量正相关,与地面温度负相关,但不显著。

关键词: 春季沙尘暴, 环流背景, 塔克拉玛干沙漠, 戈壁沙漠, 气象影响

Abstract:

In this study, we used multi-source environmental, meteorological and satellite remote sensing data from 2007 to 2021 to analyze the spatial-temporal characteristic of spring sandstorms and the related meteorological influences of the Taklimakan Desert and Gobi Desert. The results show that: (1) The frequency of spring sandstorms in Taklimakan Desert is much stronger than that in Gobi Desert, but it mostly occurs in the east-central Taklimakan Desert, and it mostly occurs in the western part of Inner Mongolia and the south-central Mongolia in Gobi Desert. (2) The east-west cold front is the main influence system in Taklimakan Desert, and the 500 hPa geopotential height anomaly is generally low in the west and high in the east in mid-high latitude in eastern Asia; The south-north cold front is the main influence system in Gobi Desert, and the 500 hPa geopotential height anomaly over the low latitude to high latitude areas in eastern Asia is “- + -”. (3) Spring sandstorms in Taklimakan Desert has the significantly negative correlation with the local pre winter precipitation and the significantly positive correlation with the ground temperature; Spring sandstorms in Gobi Desert are positively correlated with the local pre winter precipitation and are negatively correlated with the ground temperature, but the correlations are not significant.

Key words: spring sandstorms, circulation background, Taklimakan Desert, Gobi Desert, meteorological influence

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