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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 243-252.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00157

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宁夏草地植物多样性及群落稳定性

马娟1(), 张卫红1, 宫燕1, 胡洁1, 刘志鹏1, 潘颜霞2()   

  1. 1.宁夏回族自治区生态环境监测中心,宁夏 银川 750002
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙坡头沙漠研究试验站/干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-24 修回日期:2025-05-03 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 潘颜霞
  • 作者简介:马娟(1987—),女,宁夏人,高级工程师,主要从事生态监测与治理研究。E-mail: mj_116@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32471969)

Plant diversity and community stability in different grassland types of Ningxia

Juan Ma1(), Weihong Zhang1, Yan Gong1, Jie Hu1, Zhipeng Liu1, Yanxia Pan2()   

  1. 1.Ningxia Environmental Monitoring Center,Yinchuan 750002,China
    2.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station / State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2025-04-24 Revised:2025-05-03 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-30
  • Contact: Yanxia Pan

摘要:

本研究基于宁夏回族自治区63个草地样地的调查数据,系统分析了该地区不同类型草地的植物多样性及群落稳定性。研究共记录了344种植物,分布于61科195属,其中灌木层物种丰富度较低,而草本层表现出较高的物种多样性。通过计算Sprenson相似性系数、重要值指数、多样性指数,并运用Godron稳定性测定方法,评估了不同类型草地群落的物种组成差异性、物种重要性、多样性水平和稳定性特征。结果显示:宁夏不同类型草地群落的物种丰富度和多样性指数存在显著差异,草甸草地的物种丰富度和多样性最高,典型草地居中,荒漠草地最低;群落稳定性分析表明,草甸草地群落的稳定性最高,荒漠草地最低。这种差异与区域间的气候条件、土壤类型、养分状况等密切相关。

关键词: 宁夏, 草地类型, 植物多样性, 群落稳定性, 生态管理

Abstract:

This study systematically analyzes the plant diversity and community stability of grassland ecosystems in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, based on survey data from 63 grassland plots. A total of 344 plant species, belonging to 61 families and 195 genera, were recorded. The species richness of the shrub layer was relatively low, while the herbaceous layer exhibited higher species diversity. By calculating the Sprenson similarity coefficient, importance value index, and diversity index, and applying the Godron stability assessment method, the study evaluated the differences in species composition, species importance, diversity levels, and stability characteristics of different grassland types. The results showed significant differences in species richness and diversity index in Ningxia's different grassland types, with the meadow grassland exhibiting the highest species richness and diversity, while the desert grassland had the lowest. Community stability analysis revealed that grassland communities of meadow grassland had the highest stability, whereas those in the desert grassland had the lowest. These differences are likely related to regional variations in climate conditions, soil types, and the nutrient contents. The findings provide scientific support for the protection and management of Ningxia's grassland ecosystems, emphasizing the necessity of considering climate, soil, and human activities in ecological management.

Key words: Ningxia, grassland type, plant diversity, community stability, ecological management

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