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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 253-261.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00094

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固沙年限对沙坡头荒漠土壤种子库及其与地上植被关系的影响

王乐1a(), 陆文家1a, 南益聪2,3, 牛富荣1b, 鱼小军1a, 白冰心4, 石亚飞1a()   

  1. 1a.甘肃农业大学,草业学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    1b.甘肃农业大学,林学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙坡头沙漠研究试验站/干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    4.兰州市南北两山环境绿化工程指挥部,甘肃 兰州 730030
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-25 修回日期:2025-04-24 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 石亚飞
  • 作者简介:王乐(2001—),女,内蒙古鄂尔多斯人,硕士研究生,研究方向为草地生态学。E-mail: 13644774811@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32301326);甘肃农业大学博士科研启动项目(GAU-KYQD-2022-13)

Effects of sand-fixing age on soil seed bank and its relationship with aboveground vegetation in Shapotou Desert

Le Wang1a(), Wenjia Lu1a, Yicong Nan2,3, Furong Niu1b, Xiaojun Yu1a, Bingxin Bai4, Yafei Shi1a()   

  1. 1a.Pratacultural College /, Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    1b.College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station / National Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    4.Lanzhou City North and South Two Mountains Environmental Greening Project Headquarters,Lanzhou 730030,China
  • Received:2025-02-25 Revised:2025-04-24 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-30
  • Contact: Yafei Shi

摘要:

本研究旨在探究固沙年限对荒漠土壤种子库及其与地上植被关系的影响。以流沙、草方格(固沙5年)、固沙37年和固沙60年样地为研究对象,通过地上植被调查和土壤种子库萌发相结合的试验方法,重点围绕不同固沙年限土壤种子库和地上植被的特征及二者之间的关系进行研究。结果表明:(1)土壤种子库与地上植被主要由一年生草本植物构成,分别占71.43%、54.55%。随固沙年限增加,土壤种子库物种组成、密度均呈现先增加后下降的趋势,而地上植被变化规律与之不同;(2)土壤种子库的物种多样性指数随固沙年限增加呈先增加后降低趋势,而地上植被的多样性则随固沙年限增加呈持续上升趋势;(3)土壤种子库与地上植被组成之间的相似指数为0.28~0.07,随固沙年限增加呈逐渐降低趋势。总体来看,植被固沙初期能够促进土壤种子库积累和多样性增加,但长期固沙可能会导致种子库与地上植被的生态功能解耦,需结合人工干预以维持系统可持续恢复。

关键词: 植被固沙, 土壤种子库, 物种多样性, 物种相似性, 群落演替

Abstract:

This study aims to investigate the effects of different sand-fixation durations on desert soil seed banks and their relationship with aboveground vegetation. Using mobile sand dunes, straw checkerboard barriers (5-year fixation), 37-year and 60-year sand-fixation sites as research objects, the characteristics of soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation as well as their interrelationships were systematically studied through a combined approach of aboveground vegetation surveys and soil seed bank germination experiments. The results indicate: (1) Both the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation were predominantly composed of annual herbaceous plants, accounting for 71.43% and 54.55% respectively. With increasing sand-fixation duration, the species composition and density of the soil seed bank initially increased and then decreased, while the aboveground vegetation showed a different pattern; (2) The species diversity indices of the soil seed bank exhibited a unimodal trend (initial increase followed by decrease) with prolonged sand-fixation, whereas the diversity of aboveground vegetation demonstrated a continuous increasing trend; (3) The compositional similarity between soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation ranged from 0.28 to 0.07, showing a gradual decline with extended sand-fixation duration. Overall, vegetation-based sand fixation initially promotes soil seed bank accumulation and diversity enhancement, but long-term fixation may lead to ecological decoupling between seed banks and aboveground vegetation, necessitating artificial interventions to maintain sustainable ecosystem restoration.

Key words: vegetation sand fixation, soil seed bank, species diversity, species similarity, community succession

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