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中国沙漠 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 217-229.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00119

• • 上一篇    

毛乌素沙地生物结皮中化能自养型微生物的筛选鉴定及其固碳能力评估

赵广伟1(), 牛向雯5, 白存琳5, 孟延荣1, 张宇清1,3,4, 秦树高2, 佘维维2, 冯薇2()   

  1. 1.北京林业大学,宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京 100083
    2.北京林业大学,林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京 100083
    3.北京林业大学,林木育种与生态修复国家工程研究中心,北京 100083
    4.北京林业大学,水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京 100083
    5.北京林业大学,林业生态工程教育部工程中心,北京 100083
    6.宁夏哈巴湖国家级自然保护区管理局,宁夏 盐池 751500
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-11 修回日期:2025-05-15 出版日期:2025-09-20 发布日期:2025-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 冯薇
  • 作者简介:赵广伟(1999—),男,山东临沂人,硕士研究生,主要从事荒漠生物土壤结皮研究。E-mail: 2505160288@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    盐池县重点研发计划项目(2023YCYDCT001);2025年中央财政国家级自然保护区补助资金项目“哈巴湖国家级自然保护区综合科学考察和专项调查项目”;国家自然科学基金项目(32572159)

Screening, identification and carbon fixation capacity assessment of chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms in biological soil crusts of Mu Us Sandy Land

Guangwei Zhao1(), Xiangwen Niu5, Cunlin Bai5, Yanrong Meng1, Yuqing Zhang1,3,4, Shugao Qin2, Weiwei She2, Wei Feng2()   

  1. 1.Yanchi Research Station /, Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resource /, Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China
    3.National Engineering Research Center for Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration /, Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China
    4.Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation /, Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China
    5.Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China
    6.Administrative Bureau of Ningxia Haba Lake National Nature Reserve,Yanchi 751500,Ningxia,China
  • Received:2025-02-11 Revised:2025-05-15 Online:2025-09-20 Published:2025-09-27
  • Contact: Wei Feng

摘要:

为探究毛乌素沙地生物结皮中可培养化能自养型微生物的种类及其理化特性,并筛选出具有高效固碳能力及潜在应用价值的菌株资源,本研究采用无碳源无机培养基,通过分离纯化并连续传代9次,获得具有稳定遗传性状的固碳菌株。基于菌株的形态学特征、生长特性、生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列分析,对固碳菌株进行系统鉴定。通过测定菌液中关键固碳酶(ATP-柠檬酸裂解酶(ACLY)和核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶(RubisCO))活性、有机碳含量和固碳功能基因凝胶电泳,进一步解析菌株固碳途径及其固碳效率。结果表明:从生物结皮样品中共筛选出18株化能自养型菌株,分别隶属于链霉菌属(Streptomyces)10株、糖丝菌属(Saccharothrix)3株,以及红球菌属(Rhodococcus)、甲基杆菌属(Methylobacterium)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)、游动放线菌属(Actinoplanes)和不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)各1株。其中,糖丝菌属和游动放线菌属细菌被首次验证具有固碳功能,同时发现同一菌株可通过多种途径实现固碳。在固碳能力方面,链霉菌属的3、5、14号菌株及甲基杆菌属的2号菌株均表现出较高的有机碳积累能力,其有机碳含量分别为57.82、58.21、62.89、65.94 mg·L-1,并伴随显著的水解活性,表明以上菌株在荒漠区土壤改良和生态修复中具有潜在微生物菌剂应用价值。本研究为荒漠生态系统的生物地球化学循环调控提供新型功能菌种资源。

关键词: 毛乌素沙地, 生物结皮, 固碳酶, 有机碳含量, 化能自养型菌株

Abstract:

To explore the types and physicochemical characteristics of culturable chemoautotrophic microorganisms in the biological crusts of the Mu Us Sandy Land and to screen out strains with high carbon fixation capacity and potential application value, this study used an inorganic medium without carbon sources and obtained stable carbon-fixing strains through continuous separation and subculture for 9 generations. Based on morphological characteristics, growth characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the carbon-fixing strains were systematically identified. The carbon fixation pathways and carbon fixation efficiency of the strains were further analyzed by measuring the activities of key carbon fixation enzymes (ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RubisCO)), organic carbon content, and gel electrophoresis of carbon fixation functional genes in the bacterial culture. The results showed that a total of 18 chemoautotrophic strains were screened from the biological crust samples, belonging to Streptomyces (10 strains), Saccharothrix (3 strains), RhodococcusMethylobacteriumArthrobacterActinoplanes, and Acinetobacter (1 strain each). Among them, the carbon fixation function of Saccharothrix and Actinoplanes bacteria was verified for the first time, and it was found that the same strain could achieve carbon fixation through multiple pathways. In terms of carbon fixation capacity, strains 3, 5, and 14 of Streptomyces and strain 2 of Methylobacterium showed high organic carbon accumulation capacity, with organic carbon contents of 57.82, 58.21, 62.89 mg·L-1, and 65.94 mg·L-1, respectively, and accompanied by significant hydrolytic activity, indicating that these strains have potential application value as microbial agents for soil improvement and ecological restoration in desert areas. This study not only expanded the cognitive boundary of microbial carbon sink function in arid areas but also provided new functional bacterial resources for the regulation of biogeochemical cycles in desert ecosystems.

Key words: Mu Us Sandy Land, biological crust, carbon-fixing enzyme, organic carbon content, chemoautotrophic strains

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