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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 53-62.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00128

• • 上一篇    下一篇

人工推平地表砾波纹形成与演化

孟雨萱1,2(), 钱广强1, 杨转玲3, 邢学刚3, 潘凯佳1,2, 郭酉元1   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    3.贵州师范学院 地理与资源学院,贵州 贵阳 550018
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-29 修回日期:2025-07-23 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 作者简介:孟雨萱(2001—),女,山东莱芜人,硕士研究生,主要从事风沙物理与风沙地貌研究。E-mail: mengyuxuan@nieer.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42071016);国家自然科学基金项目(42241110)

Formation and evolution of granule ripples on an artificial flattening surface

Yuxuan Meng1,2(), Guangqiang Qian1, Zhuanling Yang3, Xuegang Xing3, Kaijia Pan1,2, Youyuan Guo1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    3.School of Geography and Resources,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang 550018,China
  • Received:2025-05-29 Revised:2025-07-23 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-13

摘要:

砾波纹是由双峰型粒度沉积物组成的风成地貌,在地球和火星广泛分布。由于以往研究未将砾波纹演化过程与动力作用关联,为探究形态演变与动力关系,本研究推平三垄沙地区典型砾波纹区域,通过野外原位观测其演化过程,获取三维地形数据,并分析形态变化、移动规律与风况关系。结果显示:演化初期形成91条砾波纹,平均长度为1.09 m,平均高度为0.06 m。移速不同的砾波纹融合后,数目减少、长度增加、整体移速减缓、间距增大,约9个月恢复至成熟,随后大风天气使砾波纹分解,数目增至原来4倍,长度缩为原来1/4,脊线数量进一步增加,砾波纹经历断裂、重新形成再发育的过程。本研究通过原位观测,弥补以往研究因设备和技术限制的不足,揭示了平坦地表砾波纹形成和演化过程,对深入认识其动力学过程具有重要意义,同时对理解火星巨型波纹和横向沙脊等风沙地貌也有重要参考意义。

关键词: 砾波纹, 形成与演化, 形态参数, 移动速率, 风况

Abstract:

Granule ripples are aeolian landforms composed of bimodal grain-sized sediments and are widely distributed on Earth and Mars. Since previous studies have not correlated the evolution process of granule ripples with dynamic forces, in order to explore the relationship between morphological evolution and dynamics, this study flattened a typical granule ripple area in the Sanlongsha region. Through in-situ field observation of its evolution process, three-dimensional topographic data were obtained, and the relationships among morphological changes, movement patterns, and wind conditions were analyzed. The results show that 91 granule ripples were formed in the early stage of evolution, with an average length of 1.09 m and an average height of 0.06 m. After the fusion of granule ripples with different movement speeds, the number decreased, the length increased, the overall movement speed slowed down, and the spacing increased. They returned to a mature state in about nine months. Subsequently, gale weather caused the granule ripples to decompose. The number increased to four times the original, the length shrank to 1/4 of the original, the number of ridge lines further increased, and the granule ripples underwent processes of fracture, re-formation, and then re-merging. Through in-situ observation, this study makes up for the deficiencies of previous studies due to equipment and technical limitations. It reveals the formation and evolution process of granule ripples on flat surfaces, which is of great significance for in-depth understanding of their dynamic processes. At the same time, it also provides important references for understanding aeolian landforms such as giant ripples and transverse sand ridges on Mars.

Key words: granule ripple, formation and evolution, morphological parameters, movement velocity, wind conditions

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