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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 187-194.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00003

• • 上一篇    

长期耕作对半干旱区人工沙质稻田土壤理化性质及酶活性的影响

丛安琪1,2,3(), 詹瑾4, 王宁5, 张铜会2(), 刘新平1,2()   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,内蒙古奈曼农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    4.甘肃省治沙研究所 甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃 兰州 730070
    5.甘肃省农业科学院 作物研究所,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-27 修回日期:2026-02-02 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-11
  • 通讯作者: 张铜会,刘新平
  • 作者简介:丛安琪(1990—),女,辽宁铁岭人,主要从事土壤生态学方面的研究。E-mail: angelcong1990@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区防沙治沙科技创新重大示范工程“揭榜挂帅”项目(2024JBGS0005-1);中国科学院区域发展青年学者项目;干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室交叉创新团队项目(E451890201)

Effects of long-term cultivation on soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities of artificial sandy paddy field in semi-arid region

Anqi Cong1,2,3(), Jin Zhan4, Ning Wang5, Tonghui Zhang2(), Xinping Liu1,2()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Sustainable Development in Arid Regions /, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.Inner Mongolia Naiman Agroecosystem National Field Observation and Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    4.Gansu Minqin National Field Observation & Research Station on Ecosystem of Desert Grassland,Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,China
    5.Institute of Crop Sciences,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2025-10-27 Revised:2026-02-02 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-11
  • Contact: Tonghui Zhang, Xinping Liu

摘要:

为揭示半干旱区沙地人工沙质稻田连续耕作后土壤变化,以地处科尔沁沙地南部边缘的库伦旗北部地区为研究区域,对不同种植年限(1、5、10、15、20、27 a)的人工沙质稻田及其邻近的沙丘土(对照CK)理化性质及4种土壤酶活性指标进行测定及分析。结果表明:(1)稻田耕作年限增加显著降低土壤表层pH和容重,增加电导率;中粗砂含量显著降低,极细砂及黏粉粒含量显著增加。土壤有机质含量显著增加,最大增幅为199.5%;土壤全氮含量显著增加,最大增幅为161.1%;(2)随稻作年限的增加,土壤脲酶、土壤过氧化氢酶和土壤磷酸酶的活性显著提高,土壤蔗糖酶先升高再降低。这表明人工沙质稻田技术显著影响土壤理化性质及土壤酶活性,合理的人工干扰是半干旱沙地土壤改良、生态治理的有效措施。

关键词: 科尔沁沙地, 人工沙质稻田技术, 土壤理化性质, 土壤酶活性, 新成土

Abstract:

To investigate soil changes in artificially sandy paddy fields after continuous cultivation in semi-arid sandy regions, the study region was selected in northern Hure Banner, located at the southern edge of the Horqin Sandy Land. The physicochemical properties and four soil enzyme activity indicators were measured and analyzed for artificially created sandy paddy fields with different cultivation durations (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 27 a) and their adjacent dune soils (control CK). The study results indicate that: (1) Increasing paddy cultivation duration significantly reduced surface soil pH and bulk density while increasing electrical conductivity. The content of medium-coarse sand decreased significantly, while that of silt and clay particles increased significantly. Soil organic matter content increased significantly, with a maximum increase of 199.5%; soil total nitrogen content increased significantly, with a maximum increase of 161.1%. (2) With increasing years of rice cultivation, the activities of soil urease, soil catalase, and soil phosphatase significantly increased; soil sucrase activity first rose and then declined. These changes indicate that artificial sandy paddy field technology significantly impacts soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities, demonstrating that rational human intervention is an effective measure for improving semi-arid sandy soils and ecological management.

Key words: Horqin Sandy Land, artificial sandy paddy technology, soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activity, aeolian entisols

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