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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 66-74.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00162

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基于CMIP6和遥感反演的黄河流域未来干旱预估

王驰1(), 张正偲1, 韩兰英1,2(), 张令光1, 张振煜1, 王思琦1, 雷云竹1, 张文慧1, 方盼1, 陈宇峰1   

  1. 1.陕西师范大学 地理科学与旅游学院,陕西 西安 710119
    2.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-10 修回日期:2025-11-03 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-11
  • 通讯作者: 韩兰英
  • 作者简介:王驰(2002—),男,陕西周至人,硕士研究生,研究方向为气候变化。E-mail: 20242436@snnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42575204);内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院开放课题(KF2025ZD07);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2024JBGS0003-1-1);高校项目(GK202502004);干旱气象科学研究基金项目(IAM202306);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(1301032624)

Prediction of future drought in the Yellow River Basin based on CMIP6 and remote sensing inversion

Chi Wang1(), Zhengcai Zhang1, Lanying Han1,2(), Lingguang Zhang1, Zhenyu Zhang1, Siqi Wang1, Yunzhu Lei1, Wenhui Zhang1, Pan Fang1, Yufeng Chen1   

  1. 1.School of Geography Science and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China
    2.Key laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Provin / Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA,Institute of Arid Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Lanzhou 730020,China
  • Received:2025-07-10 Revised:2025-11-03 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-11
  • Contact: Lanying Han

摘要:

气候变暖背景下,全球的干旱不断加剧。黄河流域为中国气候变化敏感区和极端气候事件高发频发地区,明确其干旱时空演变特征对于改善区域环境等具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文基于CMIP6模式和遥感反演数据,利用标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)、遥感反演的温度植被干旱指数(TVDI),采用Hurst指数、Theil-Sen Median趋势分析法和Mann-Kendall检验,研究黄河流域干旱发生的时空演变特征,并探讨未来气候变化下的干旱面积及趋势。结果表明:2024—2100年黄河流域气温累计升高1.97±0.58 ℃,降水量增加138.99±60.52 mm;黄河流域干旱频率减少,呈暖湿化演变趋势;Hurst指数预测进一步表明,干旱演变具有同向持续性;黄河流域干旱面积占比呈下降趋势,中游地区35.46%的面积呈湿润化趋势,而上游西北部和下游局部地区21.91%的面积呈干旱化趋势。研究成果可为黄河流域气候变化应对和干旱风险管理提供科学支撑。

关键词: CMIP6, 标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI), 温度植被干旱指数(TVDI), 干旱, 黄河流域

Abstract:

Under the background of climate warming, droughts are intensifying globally. The Yellow River Basin is a climate-sensitive region in China and one of the areas frequently affected by extreme climate events, and clarifying the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of drought in the Yellow River Basin is of significant theoretical and practical importance for regional environmental improvement. Based on CMIP6 model data and remote sensing inversion data, this study employs the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), the remotely sensed Temperature Vegetation Drought Index (TVDI), the Hurst index, the Theil-Sen Median trend analysis, and the Mann-Kendall test to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of drought occurrence in the Yellow River Basin and to discuss the future drought extent and trends under climate change. The results indicate that from 2024 to 2100, the Yellow River Basin will experience a cumulative temperature increase of 1.97±0.58 °C and a precipitation increase of 138.99±60.52 mm; drought frequency in the basin shows a decreasing trend, indicating a warm-wet transition; predictions from the Hurst index further suggest that drought evolution exhibits positive persistence; the proportion of drought-affected area in the Yellow River Basin shows a declining trend, with 35.46% of the middle reaches exhibiting a wetting trend, while 21.91% of the northwestern upper reaches and parts of the lower reaches show a drying trend. The research findings can provide scientific support for climate change response and drought risk management in the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: CMIP6, SPEI, TVDI, drought, Yellow River Basin

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