Impacts of reclamation on salinization desert soil microbial community： a case study of Alar oasis

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00079

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 126-137.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00079

Impacts of reclamation on salinization desert soil microbial community： a case study of Alar oasis

Yani Wang¹^,²(), Yigang Hu¹(), Zengru Wang¹, Changsheng Li¹^,²

^1.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station，Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China

Received:2021-04-09 Revised:2021-06-29 Online:2021-11-20 Published:2021-12-17
Contact: Yigang Hu

Abstract

Abstract:

Recently， human activities characterized by reclamation and cultivation accelerated oasisization of drylands in the northwest China. However， it is still unclear about how such land use changes impact characteristics of soil microbial communities in saline-alkaline desert. By using qPCR and Illumina Miseq high-throughput amplicon sequencing technologies， we conducted a comparative study on soil fungal， bacterial and archaeal community biomasses， diversities and structures in a 5-year-old cotton farmland soil （FS） and an adjacent natural desert soil （ND） in Alar oasis of Xinjiang province. The results showed that：（1）reclamation significantly increased bacterial and fungal biomasses， and decreased archaeal biomass based on qPCR estimation. While most bacterial diversity indices significantly increased and archaeal Shannon index decreased due to reclamation， fungal diversity indices were not significantly changed. （2） An unique microbial community different from other arid desert ecosystem inhabited in the salinization desert. Reclamation significantly changed soil bacterial， archaeal and fungal community structures. Especially， the relative abundances of Actinobacteria， Chloroflexi， Acdiobacteria， Saccharibacteria and Nitrosipirae bacteria， Woesearchaeota_DHVEG-6 archaea and Blastocladiomycota fungi in FS significantly increased， while that of Nanohaloarchaeota archaea significantly decreased compared to that in ND. Soil electrical conductivity （EC）， total organic C（TOC）， total N（TN）， total P （TP） and available P （AP） were the key factors in determining bacterial community structure， vegetation coverage， aboveground biomass and richness， TP and AP were the key factors in shaping archaeal community structure， and EC was the key factors in structuring fungal community. In conclusion， oasisization due to recalmation divergently shifted characteristics of soil microbial community in salinization desert mainly due to changes in virginal vegetation， soil EC， TOC and TN and chemical fertilizers use， therein bacterial community showed the highest sensitivity to reclamation， while archaeal and fungal diversity and structure were relatively stable.

Key words: reclamation, desert, high-throughput sequencing, soil microbes, community structure

CLC Number:

Q934

Yani Wang, Yigang Hu, Zengru Wang, Changsheng Li. Impacts of reclamation on salinization desert soil microbial community： a case study of Alar oasis[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2021, 41(6): 126-137.

Figures/Tables 8

References 54

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指标	棉田FS	荒漠ND
植被盖度/%	97.3(0.7)^a	46.7(4.4)^b
地上生物量/（g·m^-2）	1973.2(99.1)^a	392.8(83.0)^b
物种丰富度	1(0)^b	3(0)^a
pH值	8.2(0.2)	8.1(0.1)
电导率/（μS·cm^-1）	18.3(2.2)^b	819.3(134.1)^a
土壤含水率/%	13.0(2.1)	10.5(1.6)
土壤总有机碳/%	2.1(0.07)	2.0(0.02)
土壤全氮/%	0.02(0.001)	0.03(0.001)
土壤全磷/%	0.9(0.02)^a	0.8(0.01)^b
土壤有效磷/（g·kg^-1）	25.6(4.03)^a	2.0(0.90)^b
土壤速效钾/（mg·kg^-1）	157.0(12.5)	177.7(9.8)
可溶性有机碳/（mg·kg^-1）	11.2(3.2)	4.4(1.4)
可溶性有机氮/（mg·kg^-1）	23.8(5.6)	80.6(39.8)
硝态氮/（mg·kg^-1）	8.8(3.6)	8.1(2.0)
氨态氮/（mg·kg^-1）	0.1(0.01)	0.1(0.03)

指标	棉田FS	荒漠ND
植被盖度/%	97.3(0.7)^a	46.7(4.4)^b
地上生物量/（g·m^-2）	1973.2(99.1)^a	392.8(83.0)^b
物种丰富度	1(0)^b	3(0)^a
pH值	8.2(0.2)	8.1(0.1)
电导率/（μS·cm^-1）	18.3(2.2)^b	819.3(134.1)^a
土壤含水率/%	13.0(2.1)	10.5(1.6)
土壤总有机碳/%	2.1(0.07)	2.0(0.02)
土壤全氮/%	0.02(0.001)	0.03(0.001)
土壤全磷/%	0.9(0.02)^a	0.8(0.01)^b
土壤有效磷/（g·kg^-1）	25.6(4.03)^a	2.0(0.90)^b
土壤速效钾/（mg·kg^-1）	157.0(12.5)	177.7(9.8)
可溶性有机碳/（mg·kg^-1）	11.2(3.2)	4.4(1.4)
可溶性有机氮/（mg·kg^-1）	23.8(5.6)	80.6(39.8)
硝态氮/（mg·kg^-1）	8.8(3.6)	8.1(2.0)
氨态氮/（mg·kg^-1）	0.1(0.01)	0.1(0.03)

指数	细菌		古菌		真菌
指数	荒漠ND	棉田FS	荒漠ND	棉田FS	荒漠ND	棉田FS
Richness	345(176)^b	1331(46)^a	448(46)	462(65)	830(265)	664(50)
Shannon	2.1(1.0)^b	5.5(0.05)^a	4.8(0.1)^a	3.8(0.2)^b	5.1(0.5)	3.7(0.5)
Simpson	0.4(0.2)	0.02(0.01)	0.02(0.01)	0.11(0.03)	0.03(0.02)	0.1(0.06)
Ace	392.6(193.6)^b	1527.1(35.3)^a	463.8(51.2)	506.0(56.4)	879.5(271.9)	711.2(29.6)
Chao1	385.0(193.7)^b	1518.6(30.2)^a	467.1(51.3)	507.8(55.4)	880.0(275.4)	717.0(24.3)
PD	41.2(13.4)^b	112.6(3.5)^a	21.1(2.7)	48.7(11.8)	219.5(89.7)	138.2(8.7)

指数	细菌		古菌		真菌
指数	荒漠ND	棉田FS	荒漠ND	棉田FS	荒漠ND	棉田FS
Richness	345(176)^b	1331(46)^a	448(46)	462(65)	830(265)	664(50)
Shannon	2.1(1.0)^b	5.5(0.05)^a	4.8(0.1)^a	3.8(0.2)^b	5.1(0.5)	3.7(0.5)
Simpson	0.4(0.2)	0.02(0.01)	0.02(0.01)	0.11(0.03)	0.03(0.02)	0.1(0.06)
Ace	392.6(193.6)^b	1527.1(35.3)^a	463.8(51.2)	506.0(56.4)	879.5(271.9)	711.2(29.6)
Chao1	385.0(193.7)^b	1518.6(30.2)^a	467.1(51.3)	507.8(55.4)	880.0(275.4)	717.0(24.3)
PD	41.2(13.4)^b	112.6(3.5)^a	21.1(2.7)	48.7(11.8)	219.5(89.7)	138.2(8.7)

指标	细菌		古菌		真菌
指标	r值	P值	r值	P值	r值	P值
植被盖度	0.481	0.075	0.871	0.004	0.375	0.098
地上生物量	0.446	0.057	0.807	0.011	0.352	0.067
物种丰富度	0.653	0.092	0.780	0.044	0.550	0.055
pH值	0.020	0.985	0.136	0.726	0.424	0.088
电导率	-0.696	0.001	0.712	0.114	-0.545	0.039
土壤含水率	0.151	0.661	0.040	0.879	-0.237	0.604
土壤总有机碳	0.773	0.003	0.184	0.383	0.269	0.445
土壤全氮	0.714	0.018	-0.161	0.410	0.224	0.550
土壤全磷	0.631	0.010	0.568	0.045	0.508	0.060
土壤有效磷	0.361	0.062	0.808	0.021	0.213	0.299
土壤速效钾	0.037	0.893	0.327	0.216	0.162	0.541
可溶性有机碳	0.008	0.983	-0.007	0.989	0.028	0.970
可溶性有机氮	-0.233	0.333	0.230	0.347	-0.211	0.549
硝态氮	0.454	0.089	-0.234	0.222	-0.050	0.930
氨态氮	-0.255	0.536	0.095	0.612	-0.219	0.540

Impacts of reclamation on salinization desert soil microbial community： a case study of Alar oasis

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