Soil physicochemical properties of alpine grasslands under different desertification degrees in Maqu， Gansu， China

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00040

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 44-52.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00040

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Soil physicochemical properties of alpine grasslands under different desertification degrees in Maqu， Gansu， China

Shilong Li()

China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co. ，Ltd. ，Xi'an 710043，China

Received:2022-04-06 Revised:2022-04-21 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2023-01-09

Abstract

Abstract:

Desertification is one of the important indicators of alpine grassland degradation in the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， and soil physical and chemical properties are important characteristic parameters reflecting grassland desertification process. Taking Maqu County in the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example， the differences of soil grain size， temperature and humidity， organic carbon and nutrients in natural， light desertification， moderate desertification， severe desertification， and very severe desertification grasslands were compared and analyzed in order to clarify the change process of soil physical and chemical properties during the desertification process of alpine grassland. The results showed that the contents of clay and silt decreased significantly with the development of desertification， while the contents of sand increased with the increase of desertification. During the growing season from May to August， the temperature of severe desertification soil was significantly higher than that of light desertification soil， and the soil water content was significantly lower. With the increase of desertification degree， the soil organic carbon content decreased significantly， the light desertification decreased by more than 50%， and moderate to very severe desertification decreased by 91%-99%. The contents of soil total nitrogen （TN）， alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen （AN）， total phosphorus （TP） and available phosphorus （AP） decreased significantly in light and over light desertification grasslands， while total potassium （TK） did not change significantly， and available potassium （AK） decreased only in moderate to very severe desertification grassland. The results indicate that in the process of alpine grassland desertification， with the continuous decrease of vegetation coverage， the surface fine particles are gradually eroded by wind， resulting in the loss of soil nutrient， while coarse particles retain， and soil water content decreases； under the action of wind sorting， continuous accumulation of sand particles forms mobile dunes. The results can provide theoretical basis for alpine desertification grassland management and grassland ecosystem restoration.

Key words: alpine grassland, desertification, soil physicochemical properties, Maqu

CLC Number:

Shilong Li. Soil physicochemical properties of alpine grasslands under different desertification degrees in Maqu， Gansu， China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2022, 42(6): 44-52.

Figures/Tables 6

References 25

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土壤养分	土壤深度/cm	天然草地	轻度沙化	中度沙化	重度沙化	极重度沙化
全氮	0—5	12.80±1.14^a	1.84±0.05^b	0.37±0.04^b	0.21±0.01^b	0.18±0.01^b
	5—10	9.96±0.87^a	1.54±0.02^b	0.50±0.10b^c	0.21±0.03^c	0.19±0.02^c
	10—20	6.39±0.34^a	2.13±0.16^b	0.51±0.11^c	0.19±0.01^c	0.18±0.02^c
	20—30	3.54±0.39^a	2.45±0.10^b	0.51±0.02^c	0.22±0.01^c	0.15±0.01^c
	平均值	8.17±0.69^a	1.99±0.08^b	0.47±0.10^c	0.21±0.02^c	0.18±0.02^c
碱解氮	0—5	1.40±0.04^a	0.27±0.005^b	0.061±0.023^c	0.014±0.001^c	0.011±0.008^c
	5—10	1.18±0.08^a	0.18±0.007^b	0.070±0.019^bc	0.023±0.004^c	0.010±0.004^c
	10—20	0.85±0.19^a	0.23±0.003^b	0.061±0.018^c	0.012±0.001^b	0.008±0.002^c
	20—30	0.32±0.04^a	0.24±0.006^b	0.070±0.027^c	0.013±0.003^c	0.006±0.003^c
	平均值	0.94±0.09^a	0.23±0.005^b	0.066±0.022^c	0.016±0.002^c	0.009±0.004^c
全磷	0—5	1.08±0.10^a	0.70±0.02^b	0.46±0.05^c	0.46±0.04^c	0.40±0.03^c
	5—10	1.25±0.04^a	0.64±0.09^b	0.47±0.04^c	0.44±0.01^c	0.40±0.02^c
	10—20	0.72±0.36^a	0.55±0.07^a	0.48±0.03^a	0.43±0.05^a	0.43±0.04^a
	20—30	0.75±0.05^a	0.56±0.05^b	0.48±0.04^b	0.45±0.01^b	0.43±0.04^b
	平均值	0.95±0.14^a	0.61±0.06^b	0.47±0.04^b	0.45±0.02^b	0.42±0.04^b
有效磷	0—5	0.025±0.009^a	0.012±0.0005^b	0.006±0.0009^b	0.004±0.0005^b	0.003±0.0007^b
	5—10	0.007±0.0006^a	0.004±0.0001^b	0.004±0.0004^b	0.003±0.0003^b	0.003±0.0008^b
	10—20	0.004±0.00008^a	0.004±0.0001^a	0.003±0.0003^a	0.003±0.001^a	0.003±0.001^a
	20—30	0.003±0.0002^b	0.004±0.0002^ab	0.005±0.001^a	0.003±0.0006^b	0.003±0.001^b
	平均值	0.01±0.0025^a	0.006±0.0002^b	0.005±0.0007^b	0.003±0.0004^b	0.003±0.0009^b
全钾	0—5	20.43±1.44^c	25.20±0.23^a	24.00±0^ab	24.03±0.12^ab	22.70±0.95^b
	5—10	23.73±0.64^a	17.13±2.61^b	24.05±0.57^a	23.37±0.22^a	23.39±0.38^a
	10—20	23.20±0.61^a	20.90±1.56^a	22.72±1.88^a	22..87±0.38^a	22.44±0.44^a
	20—30	24.30±0.23^a	21.93±1.59^a	23.54±1.94^a	23.47±0.44^a	22.97±0.13^a
	平均值	22.92±0.73^a	21.29±1.50^a	23.58±1.10^a	23.44±0.29^a	22.88±0.48^a
有效钾	0—5	0.26±0.02^a	0.21±0.01^b	0.07±0.004^c	0.05±0.003^cd	0.04±0.005^d
	5—10	0.10±0.002^a	0.10±0.003^a	0.07±0.005^b	0.05±0.007^c	0.04±0.002^c
	10—20	0.07±0.003^ab	0.08±0.006^a	0.06±0.008^b	0.04±0.006^c	0.04±0.002^c
	20—30	0.05±0.004^b	0.07±0.004^a	0.05±0.006^b	0.04±0.003^c	0.04±0.004^c
	平均值	0.12±0.007^a	0.11±0.006^a	0.06±0.006^b	0.05±0.005^b	0.04±0.003^b

土壤养分	土壤深度/cm	天然草地	轻度沙化	中度沙化	重度沙化	极重度沙化
全氮	0—5	12.80±1.14^a	1.84±0.05^b	0.37±0.04^b	0.21±0.01^b	0.18±0.01^b
	5—10	9.96±0.87^a	1.54±0.02^b	0.50±0.10b^c	0.21±0.03^c	0.19±0.02^c
	10—20	6.39±0.34^a	2.13±0.16^b	0.51±0.11^c	0.19±0.01^c	0.18±0.02^c
	20—30	3.54±0.39^a	2.45±0.10^b	0.51±0.02^c	0.22±0.01^c	0.15±0.01^c
	平均值	8.17±0.69^a	1.99±0.08^b	0.47±0.10^c	0.21±0.02^c	0.18±0.02^c
碱解氮	0—5	1.40±0.04^a	0.27±0.005^b	0.061±0.023^c	0.014±0.001^c	0.011±0.008^c
	5—10	1.18±0.08^a	0.18±0.007^b	0.070±0.019^bc	0.023±0.004^c	0.010±0.004^c
	10—20	0.85±0.19^a	0.23±0.003^b	0.061±0.018^c	0.012±0.001^b	0.008±0.002^c
	20—30	0.32±0.04^a	0.24±0.006^b	0.070±0.027^c	0.013±0.003^c	0.006±0.003^c
	平均值	0.94±0.09^a	0.23±0.005^b	0.066±0.022^c	0.016±0.002^c	0.009±0.004^c
全磷	0—5	1.08±0.10^a	0.70±0.02^b	0.46±0.05^c	0.46±0.04^c	0.40±0.03^c
	5—10	1.25±0.04^a	0.64±0.09^b	0.47±0.04^c	0.44±0.01^c	0.40±0.02^c
	10—20	0.72±0.36^a	0.55±0.07^a	0.48±0.03^a	0.43±0.05^a	0.43±0.04^a
	20—30	0.75±0.05^a	0.56±0.05^b	0.48±0.04^b	0.45±0.01^b	0.43±0.04^b
	平均值	0.95±0.14^a	0.61±0.06^b	0.47±0.04^b	0.45±0.02^b	0.42±0.04^b
有效磷	0—5	0.025±0.009^a	0.012±0.0005^b	0.006±0.0009^b	0.004±0.0005^b	0.003±0.0007^b
	5—10	0.007±0.0006^a	0.004±0.0001^b	0.004±0.0004^b	0.003±0.0003^b	0.003±0.0008^b
	10—20	0.004±0.00008^a	0.004±0.0001^a	0.003±0.0003^a	0.003±0.001^a	0.003±0.001^a
	20—30	0.003±0.0002^b	0.004±0.0002^ab	0.005±0.001^a	0.003±0.0006^b	0.003±0.001^b
	平均值	0.01±0.0025^a	0.006±0.0002^b	0.005±0.0007^b	0.003±0.0004^b	0.003±0.0009^b
全钾	0—5	20.43±1.44^c	25.20±0.23^a	24.00±0^ab	24.03±0.12^ab	22.70±0.95^b
	5—10	23.73±0.64^a	17.13±2.61^b	24.05±0.57^a	23.37±0.22^a	23.39±0.38^a
	10—20	23.20±0.61^a	20.90±1.56^a	22.72±1.88^a	22..87±0.38^a	22.44±0.44^a
	20—30	24.30±0.23^a	21.93±1.59^a	23.54±1.94^a	23.47±0.44^a	22.97±0.13^a
	平均值	22.92±0.73^a	21.29±1.50^a	23.58±1.10^a	23.44±0.29^a	22.88±0.48^a
有效钾	0—5	0.26±0.02^a	0.21±0.01^b	0.07±0.004^c	0.05±0.003^cd	0.04±0.005^d
	5—10	0.10±0.002^a	0.10±0.003^a	0.07±0.005^b	0.05±0.007^c	0.04±0.002^c
	10—20	0.07±0.003^ab	0.08±0.006^a	0.06±0.008^b	0.04±0.006^c	0.04±0.002^c
	20—30	0.05±0.004^b	0.07±0.004^a	0.05±0.006^b	0.04±0.003^c	0.04±0.004^c
	平均值	0.12±0.007^a	0.11±0.006^a	0.06±0.006^b	0.05±0.005^b	0.04±0.003^b

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Soil physicochemical properties of alpine grasslands under different desertification degrees in Maqu， Gansu， China

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