Effects of changes in growing season precipitation regimes on plant community structure， function and aboveground biomass in typical habitats in the Horqin Sandy Land

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00010

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 1-13.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2024.00010

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Effects of changes in growing season precipitation regimes on plant community structure， function and aboveground biomass in typical habitats in the Horqin Sandy Land

Jing Zhang(), Xiaoan Zuo(), Peng Lv

Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China

Received:2023-09-15 Revised:2024-01-15 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-08-29
Contact: Xiaoan Zuo

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore change rule of plant community structure， function and aboveground biomass within arid and semi-arid grasslands in China， particularly under changing precipitation regimes during the growing season， field simulation control experiments were conducted in fixed sand dunes and sandy grasslands in 2022. The experimental treatments included： a reduction of water by 60% from May to September （P_60-）， an increase of water by 60% during the same period （P₆₀₊）， a 100% water reduction from May to June （P_100-） and a 100% water increase in the same two months （P₁₀₀₊）. This study analyzed changes in plant community characteristics （species diversity， vegetation coverage， plant density， and aboveground biomass）， plant community functional traits （height， leaf thickness， specific leaf area， leaf dry matter content， and leaf carbon and nitrogen content）， and soil physical and chemical properties （soil water content， pH， conductivity， mechanical composition， and carbon and nitrogen content）. The correlations with aboveground biomass were also examined. The results indicated that drought conditions （P_60- and P_100-） increased the prominence of annual C₄ plants such as Chloris virgate and Tribulus terrestris（P<0.05）， while diminishing the role of perennial plants like Cleistogenes squarrosa （P<0.05）. In fixed dunes， extreme early-season drought （P_100-） led to an increase in the Simpson dominance index （P<0.05） and a decrease in the Shannon-Wiener diversity index （P<0.05）. Conversely， drought throughout the growing season （P_60-） increased aboveground biomass（P<0.05）. In sandy grasslands， drought （P_60- and P_100-） reduced vegetation cover and plant density（P<0.05）. The increase in aboveground biomass under drought conditions was primarily due to the increased dominance of species with larger biomass. Moreover， differences in soil water content and fine sand content between the fixed sand dunes and sandy grasslands could negatively or positively impact aboveground biomass. This effect is mediated through influences on the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and plant community height. Therefore， shifts in precipitation regimes during the growing season altered species composition， vegetation characteristics， and soil physicochemical properties in the grassland communities of the Horqin Sandy Land. These changes affected aboveground biomass and consequently transformed the structure and function of the grassland ecosystem in this region.

Key words: precipitation regime, vegetation characteristic, functional trait, soil physicochemical property, Horqin Sandy Land

CLC Number:

Q948

Jing Zhang, Xiaoan Zuo, Peng Lv. Effects of changes in growing season precipitation regimes on plant community structure， function and aboveground biomass in typical habitats in the Horqin Sandy Land[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(4): 1-13.

Figures/Tables 10

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植物种类	光合途径	生活型	重要值/%
			固定沙丘					沙质草地
			CK	P_60-	P₆₀₊	P_100-	P₁₀₀₊	CK	P_60-	P₆₀₊	P_100-	P₁₀₀₊
锋芒草(Tragus mongolorum)	C₄	一年生	1.51 ± 0.60	3.51 ± 1.98	1.64 ± 0.70	1.21 ± 0.78	1.21 ± 0.62
狗尾草(Setaria viridis)	C₄	一年生	12.78 ± 3.63	6.56 ± 1.82	11.29 ± 2.02	5.57 ± 1.40	13.27 ± 4.20	2.04 ± 1.01^b	12.77 ± 5.99^a	6.08 ± 3.22^ab	5.93 ± 1.98^ab	6.87 ± 1.49^ab
虎尾草(Chloris virgata)	C₄	一年生	2.69 ± 1.42^b	6.68 ± 3.23^ab	6.13 ± 2.71^ab	15.62 ± 6.62^a	5.07 ± 3.67^ab		3.17
画眉草(Eragrostis pilosa)	C₄	一年生	5.12 ± 0.90^a	3.26 ± 0.47^ab	5.08 ± 1.58^a	1.37 ± 0.68^b	3.34 ± 1.38^ab	1.19 ± 0.79	2.64 ± 1.56	0.37 ± 0.37		1.47 ± 0.94
黄蒿(Artemisia scoparia)	C₃	一年生	31.20±1.86	36.43±3.13	38.12 ± 4.61	44.94 ± 7.34	43.22 ± 8.75	31.11 ± 9.02	36.22 ± 6.95	28.16 ± 6.90	33.22 ± 6.55	23.73 ± 7.53
蒺藜(Tribulus terrestris)	C₄	一年生		1.05 ± 0.24		3.47 ± 1.84					2.27 ± 1.19
尖头叶藜 (Chenopodium acuminatum)	C₄	一年生	7.94 ± 2.70^b	17.97±2.57^a	5.42 ± 1.37^b	8.43 ± 1.98^b	4.10 ± 1.42^b	4.58 ± 1.69	6.23 ± 2.06	6.66 ± 3.38	5.16 ± 4.70	7.16 ± 1.32
太阳花 (Erodium stephanianum)	C₃	一年生	7.46 ± 2.56	6.71 ± 3.02	3.04 ± 1.67	4.55 ± 1.36	6.48 ± 1.84	7.07 ± 4.46	6.47 ± 4.11	12.62 ± 4.32	10.54 ± 3.99	5.44 ± 1.85
猪毛菜(Kali collinum)	C₄	一年生	1.58 ± 1.50	1.84 ± 0.47		1.93 ± 1.22	1.25 ± 0.89		6.15.52 ± 2.88	4.12 ± 1.72	4.42 ± 2.11
白草 (Pennisetum centrasiaticum)	C₃	多年生	3.14 ± 3.14		1.63 ± 1.63	4.00 ± 4.00	1.50 ± 1.50	17.97 ± 7.20	13.42 ± 6.34	9.88 ± 4.65	16.35 ± 3.76	13.20 ± 7.38
糙隐子草 (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	C₄	多年生	9.67 ± 1.33^a	1.19 ± 0.76^b	10.33 ± 2.27^a	2.20 ± 0.84^b	11.06 ± 1.49^a	26.17 ± 1.36^a	10.12 ± 4.72^b	15.85 ± 5.31^ab	10.03 ± 2.22^b	26.28 ± 5.86^a
芦苇(Phragmites australis)	C₃	多年生	5.18 ± 3.35	4.06 ± 4.06	3.17 ± 2.04	1.64 ± 1.64				1.23 ± 1.23
沙葱(Allium mongolicum)	C₃	多年生	7.42 ± 2.73^a	6.37 ± 1.21^ab	4.83 ± 1.06^ab	2.65 ± 1.20^b	5.93 ± 0.81^ab					1.58 ± 1.58
达乌里胡枝子 (Lespedeza davurica)	C₃	灌木	1.49 ± 0.76		2.87 ± 2.03		1.70 ± 0.73	4.77 ± 3.93	5.61 ± 2.73	12.37 ± 4.74	6.66 ± 2.71	12.24 ± 5.46
总物种数			18	19	23	16	17	12	12	13	14	13

植物种类	光合途径	生活型	重要值/%
			固定沙丘					沙质草地
			CK	P_60-	P₆₀₊	P_100-	P₁₀₀₊	CK	P_60-	P₆₀₊	P_100-	P₁₀₀₊
锋芒草(Tragus mongolorum)	C₄	一年生	1.51 ± 0.60	3.51 ± 1.98	1.64 ± 0.70	1.21 ± 0.78	1.21 ± 0.62
狗尾草(Setaria viridis)	C₄	一年生	12.78 ± 3.63	6.56 ± 1.82	11.29 ± 2.02	5.57 ± 1.40	13.27 ± 4.20	2.04 ± 1.01^b	12.77 ± 5.99^a	6.08 ± 3.22^ab	5.93 ± 1.98^ab	6.87 ± 1.49^ab
虎尾草(Chloris virgata)	C₄	一年生	2.69 ± 1.42^b	6.68 ± 3.23^ab	6.13 ± 2.71^ab	15.62 ± 6.62^a	5.07 ± 3.67^ab		3.17
画眉草(Eragrostis pilosa)	C₄	一年生	5.12 ± 0.90^a	3.26 ± 0.47^ab	5.08 ± 1.58^a	1.37 ± 0.68^b	3.34 ± 1.38^ab	1.19 ± 0.79	2.64 ± 1.56	0.37 ± 0.37		1.47 ± 0.94
黄蒿(Artemisia scoparia)	C₃	一年生	31.20±1.86	36.43±3.13	38.12 ± 4.61	44.94 ± 7.34	43.22 ± 8.75	31.11 ± 9.02	36.22 ± 6.95	28.16 ± 6.90	33.22 ± 6.55	23.73 ± 7.53
蒺藜(Tribulus terrestris)	C₄	一年生		1.05 ± 0.24		3.47 ± 1.84					2.27 ± 1.19
尖头叶藜 (Chenopodium acuminatum)	C₄	一年生	7.94 ± 2.70^b	17.97±2.57^a	5.42 ± 1.37^b	8.43 ± 1.98^b	4.10 ± 1.42^b	4.58 ± 1.69	6.23 ± 2.06	6.66 ± 3.38	5.16 ± 4.70	7.16 ± 1.32
太阳花 (Erodium stephanianum)	C₃	一年生	7.46 ± 2.56	6.71 ± 3.02	3.04 ± 1.67	4.55 ± 1.36	6.48 ± 1.84	7.07 ± 4.46	6.47 ± 4.11	12.62 ± 4.32	10.54 ± 3.99	5.44 ± 1.85
猪毛菜(Kali collinum)	C₄	一年生	1.58 ± 1.50	1.84 ± 0.47		1.93 ± 1.22	1.25 ± 0.89		6.15.52 ± 2.88	4.12 ± 1.72	4.42 ± 2.11
白草 (Pennisetum centrasiaticum)	C₃	多年生	3.14 ± 3.14		1.63 ± 1.63	4.00 ± 4.00	1.50 ± 1.50	17.97 ± 7.20	13.42 ± 6.34	9.88 ± 4.65	16.35 ± 3.76	13.20 ± 7.38
糙隐子草 (Cleistogenes squarrosa)	C₄	多年生	9.67 ± 1.33^a	1.19 ± 0.76^b	10.33 ± 2.27^a	2.20 ± 0.84^b	11.06 ± 1.49^a	26.17 ± 1.36^a	10.12 ± 4.72^b	15.85 ± 5.31^ab	10.03 ± 2.22^b	26.28 ± 5.86^a
芦苇(Phragmites australis)	C₃	多年生	5.18 ± 3.35	4.06 ± 4.06	3.17 ± 2.04	1.64 ± 1.64				1.23 ± 1.23
沙葱(Allium mongolicum)	C₃	多年生	7.42 ± 2.73^a	6.37 ± 1.21^ab	4.83 ± 1.06^ab	2.65 ± 1.20^b	5.93 ± 0.81^ab					1.58 ± 1.58
达乌里胡枝子 (Lespedeza davurica)	C₃	灌木	1.49 ± 0.76		2.87 ± 2.03		1.70 ± 0.73	4.77 ± 3.93	5.61 ± 2.73	12.37 ± 4.74	6.66 ± 2.71	12.24 ± 5.46
总物种数			18	19	23	16	17	12	12	13	14	13

影响因子	物种丰富度	D	H	J	植被盖度	植物密度	地上生物量	CWM_height	CWM_LT	CWM_SLA	CWM_LDMC	CWM_LCC	CWM_LNC
生境类型	46.99^***	1.18	11.83^***	3.84	13.73^***	5.33^*	10.01^**	1.71	7.51^**	1.07	0.50	6.31^*	3.30
降水变化	0.60	1.04	0.70	0.97	1.64	3.04^*	1.05	1.01	0.34	1.02	0.50	1.60	2.64^*
生境类型×降水变化	2.71^*	3.32^*	3.86^**	2.06	2.11	1.03	1.30	0.80	0.32	0.27	1.35	0.57	0.56

影响因子	物种丰富度	D	H	J	植被盖度	植物密度	地上生物量	CWM_height	CWM_LT	CWM_SLA	CWM_LDMC	CWM_LCC	CWM_LNC
生境类型	46.99^***	1.18	11.83^***	3.84	13.73^***	5.33^*	10.01^**	1.71	7.51^**	1.07	0.50	6.31^*	3.30
降水变化	0.60	1.04	0.70	0.97	1.64	3.04^*	1.05	1.01	0.34	1.02	0.50	1.60	2.64^*
生境类型×降水变化	2.71^*	3.32^*	3.86^**	2.06	2.11	1.03	1.30	0.80	0.32	0.27	1.35	0.57	0.56

影响因子	土壤含水量	pH	电导率	容重	粗砂	中砂	细砂	极细砂	黏粉粒	土壤全碳	土壤全氮
生境类型	73.85^***	1.89	16.20^***	0.10	0.20	4.02	9.30^**	0.04	0.26	2.50	1.58
降水变化	4.39^**	1.90	0.74	2.40	0.41	0.38	0.45	0.18	0.66	1.68	1.61
生境类型×降水变化	2.62^*	7.48^***	0.66	0.72	0.38	1.70	2.45	0.11	0.98	1.02	1.23

Effects of changes in growing season precipitation regimes on plant community structure， function and aboveground biomass in typical habitats in the Horqin Sandy Land

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