The impact of protective tillage on wind erosion of farmland in the Horqin Sandy Land

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00214

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 24-33.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00214

Previous Articles Next Articles

The impact of protective tillage on wind erosion of farmland in the Horqin Sandy Land

Weichun Liu¹(), Yulin Li²(), Li Cheng², Haifu Fang²

^1.Kulun Banner Agricultural Technology Extension Center，Kulun Banner 028200，Inner Mongolia，China
^2.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000，China

Received:2025-05-26 Revised:2025-07-10 Online:2025-07-20 Published:2025-08-18
Contact: Yulin Li

Abstract

Abstract:

Spring wind erosion is a major driver of farmland soil degradation in arid and semi-arid regions， posing significant threats to crop productivity and ecological stability. To elucidate the effects of different tillage practices on spring wind erosion， a two-year field experiment （2023-2024） was conducted in a typical aeolian-sensitive area of Horqin Sandy Land. Four tillage treatments were established： spring-sown oat followed by buckwheat （YQ）， autumn-sown winter rye followed by buckwheat （HQ）， no-tillage maize with stubble retention （MY）， and conventional spring plowing and maize sowing （FY）. Temporal and vertical variations in aeolian sediment flux and wind erosion amount were systematically analyzed， along with their relationships to wind speed， soil moisture， and cumulative precipitation. The results showed that FY treatment exhibited the highest erosion intensity， with total wind erosion amounts being 1.57， 2.11， and 4.22 times higher than MY， YQ， and HQ treatments， respectively. Wind erosion was mainly concentrated in the 0-60 cm surface layer and decreased significantly with height. Wind speed was positively correlated with erosion amount， while soil moisture and precipitation were negatively correlated， with moisture-related variables exerting a stronger regulatory effect. Protective tillage practices mitigated erosion through multiple pathways including stubble cover， early crop canopy development， and enhanced water retention. This study demonstrates that no-tillage and crop rotation strategies effectively reduce spring wind erosion risk and are well-suited for widespread application in northern wind-prone agricultural zones. These findings provide practical implications for soil conservation and sustainable farmland management.

Key words: wind erosion, conservation tillage, soil moisture, wind speed, precipitation, farmland management

CLC Number:

Weichun Liu, Yulin Li, Li Cheng, Haifu Fang. The impact of protective tillage on wind erosion of farmland in the Horqin Sandy Land[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(4): 24-33.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 Meteorological patterns of wind speed and direction within the study area during the experimental period

Fig.2 Changes of soil moisture and cumulative rainfall during the experimental period

Table 1 Analysis of variance （ANOVA） of farmland aeolian sediment flux under different cropping practices across observation years

因素	2023年		2024年
因素	F	P	F	P
种植措施	226.517	<0.001	875.601	<0.001
观测时间	93.744	<0.001	627.556	<0.001
采样高度	511.131	<0.001	2 625.049	<0.001
种植措施×观测时间	11.253	<0.001	64.432	<0.001
种植措施×采样高度	41.054	<0.001	141.682	<0.001
观测时间×采样高度	15.581	<0.001	105.469	<0.001
种植措施×观测时间×采样高度	2.167	<0.001	13.802	<0.001

Fig.3 Variations in spring farmland aeolian sediment flux under different cropping practices across sampling heights and observation periods

Fig.4 Interannual variations in farmland wind erosion amount under different cropping practices

Fig.5 Effects of cropping practices and sampling height on interannual wind erosion amount

Fig.6 Effects of soil moisture， wind speed， and precipitation on wind erosion amount

References 48

[1]	梁海超，师华定，白中科，等.中国北方典型农牧交错区的土壤风蚀危险度研究［J］.地球信息科学学报，2010，12（4）：510-516.
[2]	王妍力，王永芳，郭恩亮，等.科尔沁沙地生态安全格局时空演变规律研究［J］.地理科学，2025，45（6）：1341-1354.
[3]	Singer M J， Shainberg I.Mineral soil surface crusts and wind and water erosion［J］.Earth Surface Processes and Landforms，2004，29（9）：1065-1075.
[4]	赵海鹏，宋宏权，刘鹏飞，等.1980-2015年风蚀影响下中国北方土壤有机质与养分流失时空特征［J］.地理研究，2019，38（11）：2778-2789.
[5]	苏永中，赵文智.土壤有机碳动态：风蚀效应［J］.生态学报，2005（8）：2049-2054.
[6]	Jiang F， Xue X， Zhang L，et al.Soil wind erosion，nutrients，and crop yield response to conservation tillage in North China：a field study in a semi-arid and wind erosion region after 9 years ［J］.Field Crops Research，2024，316：109508.
[7]	Zhang H， Wang F， Zhou S，et al.Contribution of dust emissions from farmland to particulate matter concentrations in North China Plain：integration of WRF-Chem and WEPS model［J］.Environment International，2025，195：109191.
[8]	Zhang C， Li J.Simulating the effect of wind erosion on aeolian desertification process of Horqin Sandy Land and its significance on material cycle：a wind tunnel study［J］.Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions，2022，14（1）：43-53.
[9]	刘新平，何玉惠，赵学勇，等.科尔沁沙地奈曼地区降水变化特征分析［J］.水土保持研究，2011，18（2）：155-158.
[10]	牛亚毅，刘蔚，董佳蕊，等.科尔沁沙地1961-2021年主要气象要素的变化特征：以奈曼旗为例［J］.中国沙漠，2023，43（4）：263-273.
[11]	Liu Z， Cao S， Sun Z，et al.Tillage effects on soil properties and crop yield after land reclamation［J］.Scientific Reports，2021，11（1）：4611.
[12]	Yang C， Geng Y， Fu X Z，et al.The effects of wind erosion depending on cropping system and Tillage Method in a semi-arid region［J］.Agronomy，2020，10（5）：732.
[13]	吴姗姗，牛健植，蔺星娜.京郊延庆农田保护性耕作措施对土壤风蚀的影响［J］.中国水土保持科学，2020，18（1）：57-67.
[14]	Fryrear D W， Bilbro J D.Wind erosion control with residues and related practices［J］.Managing Agricultural Residues，1994：7-17.
[15]	赵永来，陈智，孙悦超，等.作物残茬覆盖农田地表土壤抗风蚀效应试验［J］.农业机械学报，2011，42（6）：38-42.
[16]	赵满全，刘汉涛，麻硕士，等.农牧交错区农田留茬和秸秆覆盖对地表风蚀的影响［C］.北京：中国科协年会，2006.
[17]	Hagen L J.Crop residue effects on aerodynamic processes and wind erosion［J］.Theoretical And Applied Climatology，1996，54（1）：39-46.
[18]	Cornelis W M， Gabriels D.Optimal windbreak design for wind-erosion control［J］.Journal Of Arid Environments，2005，61（2）：315-332.
[19]	Tan J， Wu X， Zeng F，et al.Effects of crop residue on wind erosion due to dust storms in Hotan Prefecture，Xinjiang，China［J］.Soil and Tillage Research，2022，221：105387.
[20]	Pi H， Webb N P， Huggins D R，et al.Critical standing crop residue amounts for wind erosion control in the inland Pacific Northwest，USA［J］.CATENA，2020，195：104742.
[21]	王仁德，李庆，常春平，等.土壤风蚀野外测量技术研究进展［J］.中国沙漠，2019，39（4）：113-128.
[22]	赵沛义，妥德宝，郑大玮，等.野外土壤风蚀定量观测方法的研究［J］.安徽农业科学，2008，36（29）：12810-12812.
[23]	胡立峰.我国保护性耕作对土壤风蚀的影响研究［J］.农业工程，2023，13（3）：124-127.
[24]	谢时茵.保护性耕作对土壤风蚀扬尘的防治作用研究［D］.北京：北京林业大学，2019.
[25]	刘振东.保护性耕作措施对土壤风蚀的影响［D］.陕西杨凌：西北农林科技大学，2012.
[26]	臧英.保护性耕作防治土壤风蚀的试验研究［D］.北京：中国农业大学，2003.
[27]	张建恒，张益兴，侯赛赛，等.覆盖作物的效益及其合理选择的研究进展［J］.农业工程学报，2023，39（14）：23-34.
[28]	Ma L， Wang X， Pu Y，et al.Ecological and economic benefits of planting winter rapeseed （Brassica rapa L.） in the wind erosion area of northern China［J］.Scientific Reports，2019，9（1）：20272.
[29]	靳英华，周道玮，彭菲，等.春、秋整地对吉林省西部农田风蚀、土壤含水量、土壤温度的影响研究［J］.东北师大学报（自然科学版），2010，42（4）：126-131.
[30]	刘瑞娟，李继峰，冯哲，等.风蚀过程中翻耕农田土壤抗剪强度变化［J］.水土保持学报，2022，36（4）：112-120.
[31]	李银科，李菁菁，周兰萍，等.河西绿洲灌区保护性耕作对土壤风蚀特征的影响［J］.中国生态农业学报（中英文），2019，27（9）：1421-1429.
[32]	程锋梅，李生宇，郑伟，等.3类典型株型草本植物对沙面风蚀抑制作用的研究［J］.干旱区研究，2022，39（5）：1526-1533.
[33]	Bagnold R A.The physics of blown sand and desert dunes［J］.Nature，1941，148：480-481.
[34]	Shao Y.Physics and Modelling of Wind Erosion［M］.Dordrecht，Netherlands：Springer，2008.
[35]	Kok J F， Parteli E J， Michaels T I，et al.The physics of wind-blown sand and dust［J］.Reports on Progress in Physics Physical Society，2012，75（10）：106901.
[36]	Xiao L， Li G， Zhao R，et al.Effects of soil conservation measures on wind erosion control in China：a synthesis［J］.Science of The Total Environment，2021，778：146308.
[37]	Yang J， Zhang S， Zhang J，et al.Incorporating crop rotation into the winter wheat-summer maize system to enhance soil multifunctionality and sustainable grain production in the North China Plain［J］.Field Crops Research，2025，325：109834.
[38]	何文清.北方农牧交错带农用地风蚀影响因子与保护性农作制研究［D］.北京：中国农业大学，2004.
[39]	孙悦超，麻硕士，陈智，等.保护性耕作农田抗风蚀效应多因素回归分析［J］.农业工程学报，2010，26（10）：151-155.
[40]	邹学勇，张春来，程宏，等.土壤风蚀模型中的影响因子分类与表达［J］.地球科学进展，2014，29（8）：875-889.
[41]	Mckenna-Neuman C， Nickling W G.A theoretical and wind tunnel investigation of the effect of capillary water on the entrainment of sediment by wind［J］.Canadian Journal of Soil Science，1989，69（1）：79-96.
[42]	Stout J E， Arimoto R.Threshold wind velocities for sand movement in the Mescalero Sands of southeastern New Mexico［J］.Journal of Arid Environments，2010，74（11）：1456-1460.
[43]	陈银萍，曹雯婕，余沛东，等.土壤含水率对风沙流结构及风蚀量的影响［J］.中国沙漠，2021，41（2）：173-180.
[44]	Stout J E.A method for establishing the critical threshold for aeolian transport in the field［J］.Earth Surface Processes and Landforms，2004，29（10）：1195-1207.
[45]	Neuman C M， Sanderson S.Humidity control of particle emissions in aeolian systems［J］.Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface，2008，113（F2）：1-11.
[46]	Ravi S， D'Odorico P.A field‐scale analysis of the dependence of wind erosion threshold velocity on air humidity［J］.Geophysical Research Letters，2005，32（21）：1-12.
[47]	杨保，邹学勇，董光荣.风沙流中颗粒跃移研究的某些进展与问题［J］.中国沙漠，1999，19（2）：78-83.
[48]	邹维.风沙运动规律的分析和研究［J］.中国水土保持，2012（5）：44-46.

The impact of protective tillage on wind erosion of farmland in the Horqin Sandy Land

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 7

References 48

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Huilin Zhang, Weiguo Wang, Yilan Bo, Zizhen Jin. Spatiotemporal dynamics of wind erosion prevention and sand fixation service in the Horqin Sandy Land [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(4): 227-240.
[2]	Yali Ma, Li Ma, Liping Yang, Siqing Wang, Changming Zhao, Ning Chen. Coexistence patterns of biocrusts and vascular plants in drylands from the perspective of ecohydrology [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(3): 121-130.
[3]	Qingguo Zheng, Chunlai Zhang, Yajing Zhang, Xuesong Wang, Wenping Li, Fanrui Bu, Jiaqi Zhao, Xinran Cui, Zhishan Xia. Characteristics of dust emission from gobi surfaces [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(3): 152-161.
[4]	Qiang Zuo, Haotian Yang, Yiying Yang, Kai Lin, Yunfei Li, Yanli Wang. The construction mode of desert photovoltaic facilities influences the growth characteristics of sand-fixing herbaceous plants through soil moisture [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(3): 291-301.
[5]	Zhenyang Li, Hongwei Zhang, Siru Shang, Tongpan Zhang, Shuai Yang, Lihai Tan, Junzhan Wang, Deli Ye, Xiulan Pang, Tao Wang. Environmental characteristics and movement rules of wind-blown sand in gobi concentrated solar power plant [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(2): 17-28.
[6]	Fangwei Hao, Zhaobin Song, Xiangyun Li, Ping Yue, Xiaoxue Zhang, Huaihai Wang, Xinghua Zhao, Xiaoan Zuo. Restoring characteristics of plant diversity and productivity in desert steppe after a 5-year precipitation reduction treatment [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(1): 112-120.
[7]	Rui Zhang, Xueyong Zhao, Gang Li, Yalin Wu, Xinping Liu. Review on responses of grassland plant-soil to precipitation and management measures in arid and semi-arid areas of China [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(1): 131-140.
[8]	Yawen Deng, Ruiping Zu, Yumei Zong, Junzhan Wang, Yi Li. Wind tunnel simulations on windbreak efficiency of sand barriers made of plant fiber nets [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(1): 242-248.
[9]	Chunlong Jiang, Hongye Jiang, Linyue Dai, Chen Chen, Chenyu Zhao, Zhongling Guo, Jifeng Li, Huiru Li, Xueyong Zou, Rende Wang, Qing Li, Na Zhou, Yixiao Yuan, Chunping Chang. Enrichment characteristics of microplastics in wind-eroded soils of mulched farmland and the adjacent grassland [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2025, 45(1): 94-102.
[10]	Jun Li, Fayuan Zhou, Liang Jiao, Kaiming Li, Chaocan Li. Variation of main climatic elements and climate production potential in Hexi Corridor during 1960-2022 [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(6): 14-25.
[11]	Yu Xing, Benli Liu, Tao Ma, Yimeng Wang. Wind erosion and dust emission in the core area of Hexi Corridor-Taklimakan Desert edge in 2000-2023 [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(6): 330-341.
[12]	Ting Ning, Dinghai Zhang, Youyi Zhao, Jing Jiang. Relationship between soil moisture and topography and vegetation in the Tengger Desert [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(5): 133-142.
[13]	Bin Wang, Qingjie Han, Bing Liu, Xiangbo Sun, Xingying Zhao, Yan Liu, Yongjun Wang. Wind desiccation effect and dynamic process of wind erosion on wet sand surface [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(5): 225-235.
[14]	Jing Zhang, Xiaoan Zuo, Peng Lv. Effects of changes in growing season precipitation regimes on plant community structure， function and aboveground biomass in typical habitats in the Horqin Sandy Land [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(4): 1-13.
[15]	Fanrui Bu, Ying Liu, Xueyong Zou, Chunlai Zhang. Vegetation sustainability in relation to water resources in typical sandy areas of eastern China [J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2024, 44(4): 111-125.