| 天气与气候 |
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| The Spatial-temporal Variation Characteristic of Dry-wet Climate in Recent 48 Years in Xinjiang Province, China |
| PU Zong-chao1, ZHANG Shan-qing1, WANG Sheng-lan2, ZHOU Xiao-li3, FENG Zhi-min4 |
| 1.Urumqi Meteorological Bureau, Urumqi 830001, China; 2.Meteorological Service Center of Xinjiang Meteorological Bureau, Urumqi 830002, China; 3.Urumqi Meteorological Satellite Ground Station, Urumqi 830011, China; 4.Climate Center of Xinjiang Meteorological Bureau, Urumqi 830002, China |
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Abstract Based on the monthly climatic data from 101 meteorological stations in Xinjiang province from 1961 to 2008, the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of the annual precipitation, potential evapotranspiration(ET0) and aridity index are analyzed by using the linear regression, Morlet wavelet, Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF), accumulation anomalies, T test and Kriging interpolation methods. The main results are obtained as follows.（1）The spatial distribution of the annual precipitation was varied in Xinjiang: precipitation in mountain area was generally more than that in basin (valley), in northern more than in southern, and in western more than in eastern; Annual precipitation significantly increased in the recent 48 years with an average rate of 9.123 mm/10a, and the increasing rate was in Tianshan mountain area>in north Xinjiang>in south Xinjiang; There are two main types of the spatial abnormal distribution of precipitation: "consistent in whole Xinjiang" and "reverse between in northern Xinjiang and in southern Xinjian"; Change of precipitation in Xinjiang had period of 3—4 a, 6—8 a, 11 a and 16 a, and the abrupt increasing change happened in 1987.（2）The ET0 in the southern Xinjiang was larger than that in the north, in east larger than in west, in basin (valley) larger than in mountain areas; ET0 significantly decreased from 1961 to 2008 in Xinjiang with a rate of -23.8 mm/10a, but the regional decreasing rate was different, and it was larger in the southern Xinjiang and smaller in the northern Xinjiang and Tianshan mountain areas; There are also two main types of the spatial abnormal distribution of ET0: "consistent in whole Xinjiang" and "reverse between in northern Xinjiang and in southern Xinjian"; Change of ET0 in Xinjiang had a period of 22 a, and the abrupt decreasing change happened in 1984. (3) Influenced comprehensively by spatial-temporal variation of precipitation and ET0, the spatial distribution of annual aridity index was larger in southern Xinjiang than in north, in east than in west, in basin (valley) than in mountain areas; The aridity index in Xinjiang decreased in recent 48 years with a decreasing rate of -3.164 mm/10a, and the most decreasing rate occurred in the regions of Turpan , Hami and Tlmpd basin, and eastern part of the Tarm basin; The spatial abnormal distribution of aridity index in Xinjiang showed mainly as "consistent in whole Xinjiang"; Change of aridity index in Xinjiang had period of 5 a, 8 a, and 18 a, and the abrupt decreasing change happened in 1987.
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Received: 25 October 2010
Published: 20 November 2011
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2011, Vol. 31 
