古尔班通古特沙漠南缘梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)群落优势植物水分来源

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2017.00015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究干旱区荒漠植物水分来源及水分利用的相互影响特征，2016年5月选取古尔班通古特沙漠南缘建群种梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）及群落中优势草本植物沙漠绢蒿（Seriphidium santolinum）、尖喙牻牛儿苗（Erodium oxyrrhynchum）、碱蓬（Suaeda glauca）、多型大蒜芥（Sisymbrium polymorphum）等5种植物，利用稳定性同位素技术，通过测定植物木质部水及土壤水δ¹⁸O值，结合直接对比法、平均深度模型及Iso-Source模型分析植物水分利用情况。结果表明：梭梭根系具有二态性，5月主要利用浅层（20~40 cm）土壤水、深层（100~350 cm）土壤水及地下水，8月主要利用深层（160~350 cm）土壤水及地下水。尖喙牻牛儿苗、多型大蒜芥、沙漠绢蒿、碱蓬水分来源土层集中在8~65 cm，沙漠绢蒿及碱蓬土壤水分利用季节变化明显；冠外尖喙牻牛儿苗、多型大蒜芥、沙漠绢蒿、碱蓬之间不存在土壤水分竞争关系；冠下多型大蒜芥、沙漠绢蒿、碱蓬之间存在土壤水分竞争关系。

关键词: 古尔班通古特沙漠, 稳定同位素技术, 水分来源, 二态性, 竞争

Abstract: In order to research the desert plant water use pattern and their mutual influence in arid regions. Five dominant desert plants, Haloxylon ammodendron, Erodium oxyrrhynchum, Sisymbrium polymorphum, Seriphidium santolinum and Suaeda glauca were selected in May 2016 at the southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert. The oxygen sable isotope ratios (δ¹⁸O) of xylem water and soil water were measured by stable isotope technique. To investigate the dynamics of water usage of these plants, we used the direct comparison method, Iso-Source model and the mean depth of water uptake model. The results showed that there is dimorphism in H. ammodendron root. In May, the main water sources of H. ammodendron were shallow soil water (20-40 cm), deep soil water (100-350 cm), and groundwater. While in August, H. ammodendron tended to use deep soil water (160-350 cm), and groundwater. The main water sources of Erodium oxyrrhynchum, Sisymbrium polymorphum, Seriphidium santolinum and Suaeda glauca concentrated in the 8-65 cm lay soil water. The seasonal variation of soil water use pattern of Seriphidium santolinum and Suaeda glauca was obvious. Sisymbrium polymorphum, Seriphidium santolinum and Suaeda glauca under the canopy had a competition about soil moisture, while the plants outside the canopy had no competition.

Key words: Gurbantunggut Desert, water sources, stable isotope, dimorphism, competition

中图分类号:

傅思华, 胡顺军, 李浩, 王泽锋. 古尔班通古特沙漠南缘梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)群落优势植物水分来源[J]. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(5): 1024-1032.

Fu Sihua, Hu Shunjun, Li Hao, Wang Zefeng. Water Sources of Dominant Plants in Haloxylon ammodendron Community at the Southern Edge of Gurbantunggut Desert[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2018, 38(5): 1024-1032.

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