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中国沙漠 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 100-108.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00027

• • 上一篇    

沙坡头人工固沙植被演替过程中主要结皮生物生态位和种间关联变化特征

张甜1,2(), 贾荣亮1(), 高艳红1, 孙靖尧1, 赵芸1, 刘立超1   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-12 修回日期:2021-03-09 出版日期:2021-07-27 发布日期:2021-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 贾荣亮
  • 作者简介:贾荣亮(E-mail: rongliangjia@163.com
    张甜(1995—),女,安徽黄山人,硕士研究生,主要从事生态学研究。E-mail: zhangtian@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG008);国家自然科学基金项目(41971142)

Niche characteristics and interspecific associations of main biocrust- forming organisms during the succession of artificially sand-binding vegetation in Shapotou, Ningxia, China

Tian Zhang1,2(), Rongliang Jia1(), Yanhong Gao1, Jingyao Sun1, Yun Zhao1, Lichao Liu1   

  1. 1.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2021-01-12 Revised:2021-03-09 Online:2021-07-27 Published:2021-07-27
  • Contact: Rongliang Jia

摘要:

为探究干旱沙区人工固沙植被演替过程中结皮生物的种间关系变化规律,利用空间代替时间的方法,调查了宁夏沙坡头地区分别始建于1956、1964、1981、1987年人工固沙植被区(分别代表固沙植被建立后的64、56、39、33年4个演替阶段)中发育的6种典型结皮生物——蓝藻(Cyanobacteria)、球胶衣(Collema coccophorum)、石果衣(Endocarpon pusillum)、真藓(Bryum argenteum)、土生对齿藓(Didymodon vinealis)和齿肋赤藓(Syntrichia caninervis)的盖度及频度变化,并以不同样方作为资源状态计算其生态位宽度和重叠值,随后利用方差比率法、卡方检验和种间关联系数分析了它们在固沙植被演替过程中种间关联性变化规律。结果表明:(1)随着固沙植被演替,结皮生物的生态位宽度与重叠指数因具体结皮生物的不同而显现出显著差异:蓝藻生态位宽度迅速变窄(由演替33年的3.865降到演替64年的0),且与其他结皮生物之间生态位重叠值逐渐降低;真藓与球胶衣生态位宽度基本保持不变且高于其他类型,且二者保持较高生态位重叠;土生对齿藓、齿肋赤藓和石果衣生态位宽度在固沙植被演替前期较小,但随着固沙植被演替的进行明显上升(分别由演替33年1.607、0和0.693上升到演替64年的3.699、3.227和3.373),三者间生态位重叠值也随之提高。(2)结皮生物的种间总体关联性随着固沙植被演替由负关联向正关联转变,在演替64年时达到最大值(VR=1.15);不同结皮生物间联系随着固沙植被演替逐渐增强,地表隐花植物群落结构和种类组成趋于稳定。本研究不仅为揭示干旱沙区结皮生物的相互作用、共生共存及演变机制提供了依据,而且对以结皮生物作为新型固沙材料及相关技术的研发具有重要的参考价值。

关键词: 结皮生物, 人工固沙植被, 演替, 生态位, 种间关联

Abstract:

Based on the method of space-for-time substitution, we investigated the coverage and frequentness of six typical biocrust-forming organisms, CyanobacteriaCollema coccophorumEndocarpon pusillumBryum argenteumDidymodon vinealis and Syntrichia caninervis, in four artificial sand-binding vegetation zones established separately in 1956, 1964, 1981 and 1987 (representing four succession stages of 64, 56, 39 and 33 years after sand-binding vegetation establishment, respectively), and calculated their niche widths and overlap values using different squares as resource states. Then we analyzed the patterns of interspecific relationships among biocrust-forming organisms during the succession of artificially sand-binding vegetation in Shapotou area by employing variance ratio method, chi-square test and interspecific correlation coefficient. The results showed that: (1) Along with the succession of sand-binding vegetation, the niche widths and overlap indices of the biocrust-forming organisms varied greatly, the niche widths of cyanobacteria rapidly narrowed (from 3.865 after 33 years to 0 after 64 years), and the niche overlap values between cyanobacteria and other biocrust-forming organisms gradually decreased; the niche widths of B. argenteum and C. coccophorum remained almost constant and both were higher than that of other types, as well as their niche overlap values were also higher; the niche widths of D. vinealisS. caninervis and E. pusillum was relatively small during early succession of the vegetation, but increased significantly with succession processing (from 1.607, 0 and 0.693 in 33 years to 3.699, 3.227 and 3.373 in 64 years, respectively), and the niche overlap values among them increased simutenousely. (2) The overall interspecific correlations of biocrust-forming organisms changed from negative to positive accompanied with the succession of the sand-binding vegetation, and reached a maximum value (VR =1.15) at the oldest 64 years of the succession. With the succession of sand-binding vegetation, the association between different biocrust-forming organisms was gradually strengthened, and the community structure and species composition of surface cryptogms tended to be stable. This study not only provides a basis for revealing the symbiotic coexistence, interaction and evolution mechanism of biocrust-forming organisms in arid sandy areas, but also serves as an important reference for the theoretic research and application techniques using biocrust-forming organisms as the new sand-fixation materials.

Key words: biocrust-forming organisms, artificial sand-binding vegetation, succession, niche, interspecific association

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