中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 151-161.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00324
• • 上一篇
罗维成1(
), 赵文智1(
), 刘冰1, 周海1, 刘继亮1, 刘佳艺1,2
收稿日期:2025-11-23
修回日期:2025-12-23
出版日期:2026-01-20
发布日期:2026-03-09
通讯作者:
赵文智
作者简介:罗维成(1987—),男,甘肃靖远人,博士,副研究员,研究方向为荒漠植物生态学。E-amil: luoweicheng@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
Weicheng Luo1(
), Wenzhi Zhao1(
), Bing Liu1, Hai Zhou1, Jiliang Liu1, Jiayi Liu1,2
Received:2025-11-23
Revised:2025-12-23
Online:2026-01-20
Published:2026-03-09
Contact:
Wenzhi Zhao
摘要:
灌丛沙堆是由灌丛植被拦截并积累沙物质形成的一种景观类型,在中国西北干旱、半干旱荒漠区、农牧交错带、荒漠草原及荒漠绿洲边缘都有大面积分布,对于干旱、半干旱区绿洲风沙灾害防治、减少水土流失和生物多样性保护等方面有重要意义。中国科学院临泽内陆河流域研究站/甘肃临泽农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站(简称临泽站,始建于1975年),作为中国内陆河流域生态水文研究的重要基地,是较早开展灌丛沙堆相关研究的单位。值此建站50周年之际,本文在系统总结国内外有关灌丛沙堆相关研究的基础上,结合临泽站近十几年来有关灌丛沙堆的研究成果,从灌丛沙堆形成发育、空间格局、生态功能和保育技术等方面,对灌丛沙堆的发育过程和驱动机制进行了系统梳理,以期深入理解灌丛沙堆的演变过程及其驱动机制,为灌丛沙堆保育提供思路,为干旱、半干旱区荒漠化防治和生态恢复提供理论支撑。
中图分类号:
罗维成, 赵文智, 刘冰, 周海, 刘继亮, 刘佳艺. 旱区灌丛沙堆发育过程及其驱动机制研究进展[J]. 中国沙漠, 2026, 46(1): 151-161.
Weicheng Luo, Wenzhi Zhao, Bing Liu, Hai Zhou, Jiliang Liu, Jiayi Liu. The progress on the development process and driving mechanisms of nebkhas in arid regions[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2026, 46(1): 151-161.
图1 中国北方干旱、半干旱区常见灌丛沙堆类型注:A:黑河下游柽柳灌丛沙堆;B:河西走廊中部泡泡刺灌丛沙堆;C:河西走廊中部红砂灌丛沙堆;D:乌兰布和沙漠边缘柠条锦鸡儿灌丛沙堆;E:库布齐沙漠边缘猫头刺灌丛沙堆;F:浑善达克沙地霸王灌丛沙堆;G:库布齐沙漠边缘沙冬青灌丛沙堆;H:毛乌素沙地驼绒藜灌丛沙堆;I:科尔沁沙地沙柳灌丛沙堆
Fig.1 The common types of nebkhas in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northern China
| 灌丛类型 | 调查区域 | 形态参数 |
|---|---|---|
| 白刺(泡泡刺) | 河西走廊中部荒漠区 | 戈壁生境高度均值0.46 m,沙漠生境高度均值1.43 m[ |
| 腾格里沙漠南缘 | 高0.13~4.5 m[ | |
| 艾比湖 | 高0.5~1.0 m,长4.5~7 m,宽3~5.5 m[ | |
| 毛乌素沙地 | 高0.8~1.0 m,长6~8 m,宽5~7 m[ | |
| 巴丹吉林沙漠 | 高0.37~1.3 m,长0.64~5.67 m,宽0.57~5.0 m[ | |
| 柽柳 | 罗布泊干湖盆 | 高3.0~15.0 m[ |
| 和田河 | 高度均值3.34 m,长9.0 m,宽8.5 m[ | |
| 柴达木盆地 | 高15 m,长30 m,宽25 m | |
| 塔克拉玛干沙漠 | 高3~15 m[ | |
| 小叶锦鸡儿 | 腾格里沙漠边缘 | 高0.4~1.8 m[ |
| 鄂尔多斯高原 | 高<2.0 m,宽0.5~14 m[ | |
| 河北坝上 | 高0.1~1 m,长0.1~4.5 m,宽0.1~4.1 m[ | |
| 油蒿 | 毛乌素沙地 | 高0.2~1.1 m,长0.9~3.3 m,宽0.8~2.4 m[ |
| 沙冬青 | 库布齐沙漠 | 高0.5~1.5 m,长0.8~4.5 m |
| 霸王 | 浑善达克沙地 | 高0.5~1.3 m,长0.8~3.0 m |
| 猫头刺 | 库布齐沙漠 | 高0.2~1.0 m,长0.5~2.3 m,宽0.3~2.0 m |
表1 中国北方干旱、半干旱区常见灌丛沙堆类型及形态参数
Table 1 Common types and their morphological parameters of nebkhas in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northern China
| 灌丛类型 | 调查区域 | 形态参数 |
|---|---|---|
| 白刺(泡泡刺) | 河西走廊中部荒漠区 | 戈壁生境高度均值0.46 m,沙漠生境高度均值1.43 m[ |
| 腾格里沙漠南缘 | 高0.13~4.5 m[ | |
| 艾比湖 | 高0.5~1.0 m,长4.5~7 m,宽3~5.5 m[ | |
| 毛乌素沙地 | 高0.8~1.0 m,长6~8 m,宽5~7 m[ | |
| 巴丹吉林沙漠 | 高0.37~1.3 m,长0.64~5.67 m,宽0.57~5.0 m[ | |
| 柽柳 | 罗布泊干湖盆 | 高3.0~15.0 m[ |
| 和田河 | 高度均值3.34 m,长9.0 m,宽8.5 m[ | |
| 柴达木盆地 | 高15 m,长30 m,宽25 m | |
| 塔克拉玛干沙漠 | 高3~15 m[ | |
| 小叶锦鸡儿 | 腾格里沙漠边缘 | 高0.4~1.8 m[ |
| 鄂尔多斯高原 | 高<2.0 m,宽0.5~14 m[ | |
| 河北坝上 | 高0.1~1 m,长0.1~4.5 m,宽0.1~4.1 m[ | |
| 油蒿 | 毛乌素沙地 | 高0.2~1.1 m,长0.9~3.3 m,宽0.8~2.4 m[ |
| 沙冬青 | 库布齐沙漠 | 高0.5~1.5 m,长0.8~4.5 m |
| 霸王 | 浑善达克沙地 | 高0.5~1.3 m,长0.8~3.0 m |
| 猫头刺 | 库布齐沙漠 | 高0.2~1.0 m,长0.5~2.3 m,宽0.3~2.0 m |
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