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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 217-227.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00062

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疏勒河下游北路井地区泥漠与戈壁、稀疏灌丛风沙活动特征的比较研究

马艳梅1,2(), 王仁德1(), 宋淑红3, 李庆1, 蒋红军1, 苑依笑1, 常春平2, 郭中领2   

  1. 1.河北省科学院 地理科学研究所/河北省地理信息开发应用技术创新中心,河北 石家庄 050011
    2.河北师范大学 地理科学学院/河北省环境演变与生态建设省级重点实验室,河北 石家庄 050024
    3.中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北 石家庄 050061
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-04 修回日期:2026-04-29 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-08-27
  • 通讯作者: 王仁德
  • 作者简介:马艳梅(1989—),女,河北石家庄人,博士研究生,主要从事土壤风蚀与粉尘释放研究。E-mail: mymhbnu@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(42077069);河北省科学院基础科研业务费制度试点项目(2026PF01);疏勒河流域地下水生态调查项目(2023zfcg00874)

Comparison of aeolian sand activity characteristics among dry playagobi and sparse shrubland in the Beilujing arealower reaches of the Shule River

Yanmei Ma1,2(), Rende Wang1(), Shuhong Song3, Qing Li1, Hongjun Jiang1, Yixiao Yuan1, Chunping Chang2, Zhongling Guo2   

  1. 1.Institute of Geographical Sciences /Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Geographic Information Application,Heibei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050011,China
    2.School of Geographical Sciences/Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China
    3.The Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050061,China
  • Received:2026-02-04 Revised:2026-04-29 Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-08-27
  • Contact: Rende Wang

摘要:

泥漠是中国西北干旱区特有的一类地表类型,其风沙活动较为强烈,但目前学界对其风沙活动特征及形成机制的认识仍不够深入,尤其缺乏与其他风蚀地类的系统比较。本研究选取疏勒河下游北路井地区为研究区,采用实地调查、长期野外观测和室内实验相结合的方法,对泥漠与邻近的戈壁和稀疏灌丛两种地表的风沙活动特征进行了比较分析。结果表明:与戈壁和稀疏灌丛相比,泥漠风沙活动更为强烈,并且空间差异较小,是当地主要的沙尘释放源。这与泥漠土壤中细颗粒物质含量更高、表土含水率更低、砾石或植被覆盖更少、龟裂纹发育等多种因素的共同作用有关。在一个完整观测年度(2024年5月至2025年4月),3种地类的风沙活动均呈现出夏季最强、春季次之的特征,这与以往普遍认为的春季风沙活动最强有所不同,可能与观测期间夏季风力最大有关,反映出区域风动力条件对风沙活动的控制作用。

关键词: 泥漠, 风沙活动, 沙尘源, 时空变化, 北路井地区

Abstract:

Dry playa is a unique land surface type in the arid regions of northwestern China, characterized by intense aeolian sand activity. However, current understanding of its aeolian activity characteristics and formative mechanisms remains insufficient, especially lacking systematic comparisons with other wind-eroded land types. This study selected the Beilujing area in the lower reaches of the Shule River as the study region. Using a combination of field investigation, long-term in-situ observation, and laboratory analysis, we compared and analyzed the differences in aeolian sand activity characteristics among dry playa and adjacent gobi and sparse shrubland surfaces. The results show that, compared with gobi and desert, dry playa exhibits the strongest average aeolian activity with weak spatial heterogeneity, serving as the primary local dust emission source. This is jointly controlled by higher fine-particle content, lower topsoil moisture content, sparse gravel or vegetation cover, and well-developed desiccation cracks in dry playa soils. During the full annual observation period (May 2024–April 2025), aeolian activity in all three land types peaked in summer followed by spring, which deviates from the conventional view that aeolian activity is most intense in spring. This discrepancy may be attributed to the strongest wind conditions occurring in summer during the observation period, reflecting the dominant control of regional wind dynamics on aeolian sand activity.

Key words: dry playa, aeolian activity, dust source, spatio-temporal variation, Beilujing area

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