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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 381-390.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00067

• • 上一篇    

辽西沙地樟子松( Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica )固沙林土壤线虫群落特征

杨禹轩1(), 王雪峰2, 杨婷婷1, 张日升3, 王凯1, 邰姗姗1()   

  1. 1.辽宁工程技术大学 环境科学与工程学院,辽宁 阜新 123000
    2.吉林农业大学 资源与环境学院,吉林 长春 130118
    3.辽宁省沙地治理与利用研究所 辽宁章古台科尔沁沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,辽宁 阜新 123000
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-20 修回日期:2026-05-06 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 邰姗姗
  • 作者简介:杨禹轩(2000—),男,辽宁阜新人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为水土保持与荒漠化防治。E-mail: 1427308167@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD1501700);辽宁省基本科研项目(LJ212610147065)

Characteristics of soil nematode community in Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica sand-fixing forest in western Liaoning

Yuxuan Yang1(), Xuefeng Wang2, Tingting Yang1, Risheng Zhang3, Kai Wang1, Shanshan Tai1()   

  1. 1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,Liaoning,China
    2.College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China
    3.Liaoning Zhanggutai Desert Ecosystem Research Station,Liaoning Institute of Sandy Land Control and Utilization,Fuxin 123000,Liaoning,China
  • Received:2026-03-20 Revised:2026-05-06 Online:2026-09-20 Published:2026-11-02
  • Contact: Shanshan Tai

摘要:

为了解治理沙地过程中樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica)固沙林营造对土壤线虫群落的影响,以科尔沁沙地南缘的辽宁省阜新市彰武县10、29、46、60年林龄的樟子松固沙林为对象,研究了土壤线虫群落结构和多样性的动态变化及其影响因素。结果表明:辽西沙地樟子松固沙林林龄对土壤线虫数量有显著影响,其变化总体表现为随林龄增加先升高后下降的趋势。食细菌线虫在各林龄样地中均占据主导地位,林龄46年样地的占比最大,达67.2%;食真菌线虫比例整体较低,植食性线虫和杂食-捕食性线虫比例均在60年样地达到最高值,分别为33.5%和10.6%。土壤线虫群落生态指数也随着林龄的增加表现出差异,其中线虫丰富度指数、多样性指数、优势度指数和成熟度指数均随着林龄的增加而上升,表明随着林龄增加,线虫群落物种丰富度显著提升,土壤线虫群落结构较为复杂,土壤生态系统趋于稳定。冗余分析表明土壤pH值、有机碳、全氮和速效磷是影响线虫群落特征的主要环境因子。综上,樟子松固沙林通过林龄演替调控土壤资源供给与食物网结构,促进土壤线虫群落由数量提升向结构稳定转变,但在成熟及后期阶段植食性线虫比例上升,可能引发潜在的土壤生态退化风险,应进一步强化林分中后期的经营管理与生态调控措施。

关键词: 土壤线虫群落, 樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica), 林龄, 沙地, 多样性

Abstract:

In order to understand the effect of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica sand-fixing forest on soil nematode community in the process of sand control, the 10,29,46 and 60-year-old Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica sand-fixing forest in Zhangwu County, Fuxin City, Liaoning Province, on the southern edge of Horqin Sandy Land was studied. The dynamic changes of soil nematode community structure and diversity and their influencing factors during the growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica sand-fixing forest were studied. The results showed that the age of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica sand-fixing forest in western Liaoning had a significant effect on the number of soil nematodes, and the overall change showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of forest age. The bacterial-feeding nematodes were dominant in all forest age plots, and the proportion of 46-year-old plots was the largest, reaching 67.2%. The proportion of fungal-feeding nematodes was generally low, and the proportions of phytophagous nematodes and omnivorous-predator nematodes reached the highest values in the 60-year plot, which were 33.5% and 10.6%, respectively. The ecological index of soil nematode community also showed differences with the increase of forest age, among which the richness index, diversity index, dominance index and maturity index of nematode increased with the increase of forest age, indicating that with the increase of forest age, the species richness of nematode community increased significantly, the structure of soil nematode community was more complex, and the soil ecosystem tended to be stable. Redundancy analysis showed that soil pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were the main environmental factors affecting nematode community characteristics. In summary, Pinussylvestris var. mongolica sand-fixing forest regulates soil resource supply and food network structure through forest age succession, and promotes the transformation of soil nematode community from quantity increase to structural stability. However, the proportion of phytophagous nematodes increases in the mature and late stages, which may lead to potential soil ecological degradation risks. Therefore, the management and ecological control measures in the middle and late stages of the stand should be further strengthened.

Key words: soil nematode community, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, stand age, sandy soil, diversity

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