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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 1-10.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00055

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20172018年卓乃湖湖冰表面风成沉积物遥感监测

高杰(), 胡光印(), 高娜, 胡菁菁   

  1. 陕西师范大学 地理科学与旅游学院,陕西 西安 710119
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-08 修回日期:2025-04-17 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 胡光印
  • 作者简介:高杰(2001—),男,陕西榆林人,硕士研究生,主要从事风沙活动遥感监测相关研究。E-mail: jerrgao@snnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42071004);国家自然科学基金项目(42241110);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0403)

Remote sensing monitoring of aeolian sediments on the lake ice surface of Zonag Lake from 2017 to 2018

Jie Gao(), Guangyin Hu(), Na Gao, Jingjing Hu   

  1. School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China
  • Received:2025-02-08 Revised:2025-04-17 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-13
  • Contact: Guangyin Hu

摘要:

干旱半干旱区的湖滨地带是风沙活动的热点区域,但以往研究主要关注陆地表面风沙活动,对湖冰表面风沙过程的研究较少。青藏高原的高寒气候条件和高风能环境,使湖冰表面成为冬季观测沙尘释放与堆积的理想场所,便于监测和分析干旱环境下的沙尘动态过程。2011年青藏高原可可西里地区的卓乃湖溃决后,其西部和南部出露的大面积湖床成为该区域主要的沙尘源区。为监测卓乃湖冻结后湖冰表面的风沙迁移过程,选取了2017年10月至2018年6月覆盖卓乃湖的11景遥感影像数据,使用归一化沙地指数(NDSLI)提取了湖冰表面风成沉积物空间分布数据。将NDSLI结果通过一定的阈值划分,可以有效区分沉积物覆盖区域与非沉积物覆盖区域。在监测初期(2017年11月24)沙尘覆盖面积仅为4.59 km²,占湖泊面积的2.97%,但79天后(2018年2月12日),沙尘覆盖面积已高达115.05 km²,占湖泊面积的74.60%。通过更精细的阈值划分,还可获得冰面不同沉积物覆盖度的时空演变规律。因此,本研究所采用的NDSLI方法为湖冰表面风成沉积物的遥感监测提供了有效手段。

关键词: 卓乃湖, 湖冰, 归一化沙地指数, 风成沉积物监测, 青藏高原

Abstract:

Lake shore areas in arid and semi-arid regions are critical hotspots for aeolian activity. However, traditional studies have primarily focused on aeolian processes on terrestrial surfaces, with comparatively limited research on wind and sand dynamics over ice-covered lake surfaces. The high-cold climate and strong wind regimes of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau render ice-covered lake surfaces optimal for observing dust emission and deposition in winter, facilitating the monitoring and analysis of dust dynamics in arid environments. Following the 2011 outburst of Zonag Lake in the Hoh Xil region of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, extensive areas of lakebed in the western and southern sectors became prominent dust source areas. To monitor wind-driven sediment transport on the ice-covered lake surfaces post-freeze-up, this study utilized a time series of 11 remote sensing images covering Zonag Lake from October 2017 to June 2018. The Normalized Difference Sandy Land Index (NDSLI) was applied to extract spatial distribution data of wind-blown sediments on the lake ice. By applying specified thresholds to the NDSLI results, sediment-covered and non-sediment-covered areas were effectively distinguished. At the start of the monitoring period (November 24, 2017), the dust-covered area was only 4.59 km², representing just 2.97% of the lake surface. However, 79 days later (February 12, 2018), the coverage expanded dramatically to 115.05 km², covering 74.60% of the lake area. Furthermore, through finer threshold segmentation, this study was able to identify the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of varying sediment cover densities on the ice surface. Consequently, the NDSLI method demonstrates an effective approach for remote sensing monitoring of aeolian sediments on ice-covered lake surfaces, enriching our understanding of aeolian geomorphology and dynamics within cold, high-altitude arid environments.

Key words: Zonag Lake, lake ice, normalized difference sandy land index, aeolian sediment monitoring, Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

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