塔干沙漠南缘骆驼刺幼苗根系生长和分布对不同灌溉量的响应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为修复绿洲-荒漠过渡带上受损的骆驼刺群落,创造适宜幼苗正常生长的土壤水分条件,2009年3—10月,在塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘策勒绿洲外围研究了不同灌溉梯度对骆驼刺幼苗根系生物量积累、根系空间分布以及根冠比等的影响。结果表明,灌溉对骆驼刺幼苗根系生长和分布有显著影响,干旱胁迫（处理A）下幼苗扎根深度最大,但各月根系生物量积累却有限,根系干重较适度灌溉（处理B）下降了38.8%,尤其是细根（<2 mm）萎缩严重,只占总根重的18.1%;过度灌水（处理C）也导致了根系生物量和细根比重有不同程度的下降。各处理下,骆驼刺幼苗根系干重均随土壤深度的增加而逐层降低,大量根系集中在0~40 cm的表层,而且灌溉量越多,消根系数β越小,这种集中趋势越明显。随着幼苗的生长发育,骆驼刺幼苗根冠比逐渐增大,反映了骆驼刺将越来越多的资源投入到了地下部分,这符合荒漠区植被的生长特性。处理B下骆驼刺幼苗根系生物量积累最多,而且空间分布最大,表明适度灌溉有利于幼苗根系的正常生长和合理分布,对提高其潜在生产力具有积极意义。

关键词: 骆驼刺, 根系, 根系分布, 根冠比

Abstract: To recover degraded Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. community and supply suitable soil moisture for seedlings in the oasis-desert ecotone in southern marginal zone of the Taklimakan Desert, field experiment was conducted at the Cele oasis periphery from March to October in 2009 to study the effects of different irrigation amounts on root biomass accumulation, root spatial distribution and root/shoot ratio. Results showed that the effect of irrigation on root growth and distribution was significant. Under treatment A (no irrigation), the root length of seedlings was the longest, while the accumulation of root biomass was limited and the dry matter weight was 38.8% less than that under treatment B (0.1 m3·m-2 per month, appropriate irrigation), especially the fine root (<2 mm) decreased obviously and was only 18.1% of the total root weight; similarly, root biomass and fine root proportion decreased in varying degrees under treatment C (0.2 m3·m-2, excessive irrigation). Under the three treatments, the dry matter weight of A. sparsifolia root decreased with the increasing of soil depth and most roots distributed at 0 40 cm soil depths. Furthermore, the more irrigated water, the smaller the root extinction coefficient (β), and the clearer the centralization trend. The root/shoot ratio increased with the growth of A. sparsifolia seedlings, which indicated that more and more resources were contributed to roots and it was in accord with the growth feature of desert vegetation. Root biomass of A. sparsifolia seedlings cumulated the most and distributed the widest under treatment B, suggesting that appropriate irrigation benefited the normal growth and reasonable distribution of the seedlings roots and provided positive significance for the increase of potential productivity of the species.

Key words: Alhagi sparsifolia Shap, root, root distribution, root/shoot ratio

中图分类号:

Q945

张晓蕾;;曾凡江;*;刘波;;刘镇;;安桂香;;张慧. 塔干沙漠南缘骆驼刺幼苗根系生长和分布对不同灌溉量的响应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2011, 31(6): 1459-1466.

ZHANG Xiao-lei;;ZENG Fan-jiang;LIU Bo;;LIU Zhen;;AN Gui-xiang;;ZHANG Hui. Effects of Irrigation on Root Growth and Distribution of the Seedlings of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. in the Taklimakan Desert[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2011, 31(6): 1459-1466.

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