黑果枸杞(Lycium ruthenicum)种子萌发及幼苗生长对盐胁迫的响应

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2016.00045

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 黑果枸杞（Lycium ruthenicum）是民勤绿洲-荒漠过渡区主要的盐生植物，近年来由于对其营养价值和药用价值的认识，新疆、青海和甘肃等地拟在荒漠-绿洲过渡带开展黑果枸杞种植以改善盐碱土和增加当地农民经济收入。主要通过插枝和种子繁殖黑果枸杞，而盐胁迫对黑果枸杞种子在实验室和大田的萌发以及对黑果枸杞幼苗生长的影响还未知。于2014年在民勤开展了不同盐度溶液对黑果枸杞萌发和幼苗生长的影响研究。结果表明:淡水条件下，黑果枸杞种子的萌发及幼苗生长优于盐水条件；在室内培养试验中，黑果枸杞种子累积萌发数和萌发率随浇灌水盐度的增加而减少；室外大田试验淡水处理下黑果枸杞种子累积萌发数和萌发率高于其他盐度处理；黑果枸杞种子萌发和幼苗生长对盐胁迫较敏感，其形态和生理均显示出抑制特征，不同处理的幼苗根芽比随着培养液盐度的增加而增加。大田种植时，降低表层土壤盐度是黑果枸杞成功建殖的关键。

关键词: 黑果枸杞(Lycium ruthenicum), 萌发率, 累积萌发率, 盐胁迫, 根芽比

Abstract: Lycium ruthenicum is one of the important halophytes in the Minqin oasis-desert transitional zone and has been planned to plant more in order to improve saline-alkalized soil and to increase the income of local farmers in the oasis-desert transitional zones in Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Gansu under the recognition of its nutritional and medicinal values in recent years. L.ruthenicum breeds mainly by cutting and seed propagation. However, the effects of salt stress on its seedling growth and seed germination in the laboratory and field are still unknown, and we carried out the research in seed germination and seeding growth of L.ruthenicum with different concentrations of salt solutions in 2014. The results showed that L.ruthenicum seed germination and seedling growth were better in the fresh water than in the salt water; the L.ruthenicum seed germination rates and cumulative number of germination in laboratory incubation study decreased with the increase of salinity; the L.ruthenicum seed germination rates and cumulative number of germination of field trials, are more in the freshwater solution than that in other salinity solutions; L.ruthenicum seeds germination and seedling growth were sensitive to salt stress, showing morphological and physiological inhibition characteristics, and the radicle/plumule ratio of different treatments with increasing salinity culture fluid increases. To reduce the salinity of surface soil when the seed germinated in the field, was a key to L.ruthenicum growth successfully.

Key words: Lycium ruthenicum, germination rate, cumulative germination rate, salt stress, radicle/plumule ratio

中图分类号:

S330.3

罗君, 彭飞, 王涛, 薛娴, 黄翠华. 黑果枸杞(Lycium ruthenicum)种子萌发及幼苗生长对盐胁迫的响应[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017, 37(2): 261-267.

Luo Jun, Peng Fei, Wang Tao, Xue Xian, Huang Cuihua. Responses of Seed Germination and Seeding Growth of Halophytes Lycium ruthenicum to Salt Stress[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2017, 37(2): 261-267.

参考文献

[1] Ungar I A.Halophyte seed germination[J].The Botanical Review,1978,44(2):233-264.
[2] Huang Z,Zhang X,Zheng G,et al.Influence of light,temperature,salinity and storage on seed germination of Haloxylon ammodendron[J].Journal of Arid Environments,2003,55(3):453-464.
[3] Miller T E.Effects of emergence time on survival and growth in an early old-field plant community[J].Oecologia,1987,72(2):272-278.
[4] Gutterman Y.Seed Germination in Desert Plants[M].Berlin,Germany:Springer-Verlag,1993.
[5] 何芳兰,赵明,王继和,等.几种荒漠植物种子萌发对干旱胁迫的响应及其抗旱性评价研究[J].干旱区地理,2011(1):100-106.
[6] Philippi T.Bet-hedging germination of desert annuals:beyond the first year[J].American Naturalist,1993,142(3):474-487.
[7] 曾彦军,萨仁.几种旱生灌木种子萌发对干旱胁迫的响应[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(8):953-956.
[8] McMahon K A,Ungar I A.Phenology,distribution and survival of Atriplex triangularis Willd in an Ohio salt pan[J].American Midland Naturalist,1978,100:1-14.
[9] Ungar I A.An ecological study of the vegetation of the Big Salt Marsh,Stafford County,Kansas[J].University of Kansas Science Bulletin,1965,46:1-98
[10] Ungar I A.Influence of salinity on seed germination in succulent halophytes[J].Ecology,1962,43(4):763-764.
[11] Ungar I A.Influence of salinity and temperature on seed germination[J].Ohio Journal of Science,1967,67:120-123
[12] Ungar I A.Vegetation-soil relationships on saline soils in northern Kansas[J].American Midland Naturalist,1967:78:98-120.
[13] Ungar I A.Inland halophytes of the United States[J].Ecology of Halophytes,1974,54:235-305.
[14] 李茜,任运涛,牛得草,等.几种旱生灌木种子萌发特性及化学成分[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(2):345-351.
[15] Levitt J.Responses of Plants to Environmental Stresses.Volume Ⅱ.Water,Radiation,Salt,and Other Stresses[M].New York,USA:Academic Press,1980
[16] Yan S,Shen Y.Effects of ecological factors on salt-tolerance of Puccinelliatenuiflora seeds during germination[J].Acta Phytoecological Sinica,1995,20(5):414-422.
[17] Kigel J.Seed Development and Germination[M].New York,USA:CRC press,1995.
[18] Wang J,Chen W.Responses of seed germination and seedling growth of Lycium ruthenicum to salt stress[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2012,31(4):804-810.
[19] 石勇,刘源,殷恒霞,等.红砂(Reaumuria soongarica)种子萌发特性及其局部适应性[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(3):644-650.
[20] 孙丽坤,刘万秋,陈拓,等.柽柳属(Tamarix)植物生境适应机制与资源价值研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(2):349-356.
[21] Ungar I A.Ecophysiology of Vascular Halophytes[M].New York,USA:CRC Press,1991.
[22] Chen C.Determination of Oligomeric Proantho Cyanidins in Lycium Ruthenicum Murr.Pigment[J].Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory,2011,28(4):1767-1769.
[23] Gu X,Zhang X Q,Song X N,et al.A new herbs traceability method based on DNA barcoding-origin-morphology analysis an example from an adulterant of 'Heiguogouqi'[J].China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,2014,39(24):4759-4762.
[24] 任小娜,陈志梅,曾俊,等.黑果枸杞中原花青素提取条件的优化与含量测定[J].食品与发酵工业,2015,41(1):147-150.
[25] 陈红军,马玲,孔星云.黑果枸杞中十三种元素含量的测定[J].中国野生植物资源,2002,21(4):59-60.
[26] 陈海魁,赵文红.不同浓度NaCl胁迫对黑果枸杞种子萌发的影响[J].农业科学与技术,2010,11(4):37-38.
[27] 王桔红,陈文.黑果枸杞种子萌发及幼苗生长对盐胁迫的响应[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(4):804-810.
[28] 杨志江,李进,李淑珍,等.不同钠盐胁迫对黑果枸杞种子萌发的影响 [J].种子,2008,27(9):19-22.
[29] Yuan Y,Shu S,Li S,et al.Effects of exogenous putrescine on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging and heat dissipation capacity in cucumber (Cucumissativus L.) under salt stress[J].Journal of Plant Growth Regulation,2014,33(4):798-808.
[30] Zhang Y,Guanter L,Berry J A,et al.Estimation of vegetation photosynthetic capacity from space-based measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence for terrestrial biosphere models[J].Global Change Biology,2014,20(12):3727-3742.
[31] Zhang X,Wang X,Yan P.Re-evaluating the impacts of human activity and environmental change on desertification in the Minqin Oasis[J].China.Environmental Geology,2008,55(4):705-715.
[32] 冯绳武.民勤绿洲的水系演变[J].地理学报,1963,29(3):241-249.
[33] 马瑞,王继和,屈建军,等.近50 a来民勤绿洲-荒漠过渡带气候变化及沙尘天气特征[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(4):1031-1036.
[34] 马兴旺,李保国,吴春荣,等.民勤绿洲现状土地利用模式影响下地下水位时空变化的预测[J].水科学进展,2003,14(1):85-90.
[35] Maun M.Adaptations enhancing survival and establishment of seedlings on coastal dune systems[J].Vegetatio,1994,111(1):59-70.
[36] 苏延桂,李新荣,贾荣亮,等.沙埋对六种沙生植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(6):968-971.
[37] 张肖,王旭,焦培培,李志军.胡杨(Populus euphratica)种子萌发及胚生长对盐旱胁迫的响应[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(6):1597-1605
[38] Ungar I.Seed germination and seed-bank ecology in halophytes[M]//Kigel J,Galili G.Seed Development and Germination.1995:599-628.
[39] 李宏,邓江宇,程平.NaCl胁迫对盐桦种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(3):472-476.
[40] 王桔红,陈文.黑果枸杞种子萌发及幼苗生长对盐胁迫的响应[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(4):804-810.
[41] 杨刚,伍钧一,唐亚.铅胁迫下植物抗性机制的研究机制[J].生态学杂志,2005,13(3):61-64.
[42] 万里强,石永红,李向林,等.PEG胁迫下3个多年生黑麦草品种抗性生理研究[J].草地学报,2009,17(4):440-444.
[43] 包爱科,杜宝强,王锁民.紫花苜蓿耐盐,抗旱生理机制研究进展[J].草业科学,2011,28(9):1700-1705.
[44] 王瑞苓,刘建祥,汪元超,等.低盐浸种对高盐胁迫下华山松幼苗生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2013,42(1):94-97.
[45] 刘洪展,郑风荣,慈秀芹,等.海水胁迫下外源生长素对小麦萌发期幼苗生理特性的影响[J].华北农学报,2006,21(2):79-82.